Bjp Partyof India Essay Example

Bjp Partyof India Essay Example Bjp Partyof India Essay Bjp Partyof India Essay BJP redirects here. For other uses, see  BJP (disambiguation). Bharatiya Janata Party| | Chairperson| Rajnath Singh| Parliamentary Chairperson| L. K. Advani| Leader in Lok  Sabha| Sushma Swaraj (Leader of Opposition)| Leader in Rajya  Sabha| Arun Jaitley (Leader of Opposition)| Founded| December 1980| Preceded  by| Bharatiya Jana Sangh| Headquarters| 11 Ashoka Road, New Delhi, 110001| Newspaper| Kamal Sandesh| Youth wing| Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha|Womens wing| BJP Mahila Morcha| Peasants  wing| Bharatiya Kisan Sangh| Ideology| Integral humanism[1][2](official) Hindu nationalism[3][4] (Hindutva)  [1] Social conservatism[5]| Political position| Right-wing[6][7][8]| Colours| Saffron  ? | ECI  Status| National Party[9]| Alliance| National Democratic Alliance  (NDA)| Seats in Lok  Sabha| 116  /  545| Seats in Rajya  Sabha| 49  /  245| Election symbol| | Website| www. bjp. org| Politics of India Political parties Elections| | This article is part of a serie s aboutBharatiya Janata Party| Joe Biden| * Bharatiya Jana Sangh   * History of the BJP * Organisation of the BJP * Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha * Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh * Bharatiya Kisan Sangh   * BJP Mahila Morcha * BJP Minority Morcha * List of MP in the 14th Lok Sabha| Part of a series on| Hindu politics| | Concepts[show]| Early advocates[show]| Political leaders[show]| Major political parties[show]| Authors on Hindu politics[show]| * Hinduism * India * Government of India| * v   * t   * e|The  Bharatiya Janata Party  (  pronunciation  (help ·info);;  translation:  Indian Peoples Party; abbreviated  BJP) is the smaller of the two  major partiesin  the Indian political system, the other being the  Indian National Congress. Established in 1980, it is Indias second largest political party in terms of representation in the  parliament  and in the various state assemblies. The Bharatiya Janata Party designates its official ideology and central philo sophy to be integral humanism,[1][2]  based upon a 1965 book byDeendayal Upadhyaya. 10][11]  The party is labelled as Hindu nationalist,[12]  and advocates  social conservatism, self-reliance as outlined by theSwadeshi movement,[13]  and a foreign policy centred around key nationalist principles. The  partys platform  is generally considered as the  right-wing  of the Indian political spectrum. [14][15][16][17] The BJP led the national government along with a coalition of parties of the  NDA  from 1998 to 2004, with  Atal Bihari Vajpayee  as  Prime Minister, thus making it the first non-Congress  government to last a full term in office.Since its election defeat in the 2004 general elections, the BJP has been principal amongst the opposition parties in parliament. Contents [hide] * 1  History * 1. 1  Bharatiya Jana Sangh (1951-1980) * 1. 2  Bharatiya Janata Party (1980-) * 2  Bharatiya Janata Party in general election * 3  Ideology and politic al positions * 3. 1  Hindutva * 3. 2  Economic policies * 3. 3  Defence and terrorism * 3. 4  Foreign policy * 4  Party structure * 5  BJP in various states * 5. 1  List of current NDA Chief Ministers * 6  List of presidents of the party * 7  Controversies and criticism * 7.   Tehelka fake arms deal * 7. 2  Liberhan Commission findings * 7. 3  Use of Black Money in Election * 8  References * 9  External links History[edit source  |  editbeta] Main article:  History of the Bharatiya Janata Party Bharatiya Jana Sangh (1951-1980)[edit source  |  editbeta] The  Bharatiya Jana Sangh  (BJS) was founded by Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee  in 1951 to support the  Hindu nationalist cause. The party opposed the appeasement policy of the  Indian National Congress[citation needed]  and was against any compromise in the matters of national and cultural integrity, unity and identity.It was widely regarded as the political arm of the  Rashtriya Swayam sevak Sangh. [18] After Mookerjees untimely death in prison in 1953, during an agitation demanding the effective integration of  Jammu and Kashmir  into India, the entire burden of nurturing the orphaned organisation and building it up as a nation-wide movement fell on the young shoulders of  Deendayal Upadhyaya. For 15 years, he remained the outfits general secretary and built it up. He raised a band of dedicated workers imbued with idealism and provided the entire ideological framework of the party.He groomed future political leaders like  Vajpayee,  Advani  and others. However, the vast majority of the party workers, including Upadhyaya himself were derived from the  Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh  (RSS) and brought with them the patriotic fervour and discipline of the parent organisation. [18] The  Jana Sangh  won just three  Lok Sabha  seats in the first general elections in 1952. However, it gradually increased its strength and by 1962 had become one of th e most effective opposition parties in India and seriously challenged the power of the Congress in various north Indian states.Enforcing a  uniform civil code  for all Indians, Barring the killing (and eating) of cows, abolishing the special statues accorded to J;amp;K and majorly promoting usage of the  Hindi language  were some of the pivotal ideological key points of the party[citation needed]. After 1967, The party entered into coalition with  political organisations  of similar ideologies and political positions and formed governments in various states such as  Uttar Pradesh,  Delhi  and others.The party was a major part of the political agitation against the emergency (1975–77) imposed by theIndira Gandhi  regime and thousands of its leaders and workers were reportedly imprisoned across India. The party along with many other political parties merged with the  Janata Party  in 1977 to present a united opposition to the Congress. The Janata Party w on with a huge majority in 1977 and formed the government with  Morarji Desai  as prime minister. Atal Bihari Vajpayee, who had become the leader of the  Jana Sangh  after Upadhyayas death in 1967, was appointed as the external affairs minister in the new government.The Janata government did not last long, though. Morarji Desai resigned as prime minister, and the Janata party was consequently dissolved. The BJS had devoted all its political efforts to sustain the coalition and was left exhausted by the internecine wars within the Janata Party. Bharatiya Janata Party (1980-)[edit source  |  editbeta] In 1980, the leaders and workers of the former Bharatiya Jana Sangh, founded the Bharatiya Janata Party with Vajpayee as its first president. The BJP eavily criticised the Congress government and its policies, and while it opposed the Sikh militancy that was rising in the state of  Punjab, it also blamed Indira Gandhi for biassed and corrupt politics that instigated the mil itancy at national expense. Sikh Leader Darasingh opines that Vajpayee thus brought in Hindu-Sikh harmony. [19] The BJP was a major opponent of  Operation Blue Star. The party was amongst those who strongly disliked and openly protested the violence againstSikhs  in  Delhi  that broke out in 1984, following the assassination of prime minister  Indira Gandhi  by one of her Sikh bodyguards.The BJP was left with only two parliamentary seats in the 1984 elections; the party, however, had established itself in the mainstream of Indian politics, and soon began widening its structure and policies to attract young Indians throughout the nation. During this period, Vajpayee remained central within the party as its president and as the Leader of the Opposition in Parliament, but increasingly hard-line  Hindu nationalists  began to rise within the party and define its politics. Founders Atal Bihari Vajpayee, the first BJP  Prime Minister of India(1998–2004).The BJP bec ame the political voice of the  Ram Janmabhoomi Mandir Movement, which was led by activists of the  Vishwa Hindu Parishad  (VHP) and the RSS, and was advocating for the construction of a temple dedicated to  Lord Rama  in place of the  Babri mosque  in  Ayodhya. Many believed, and still do believe, that the site was the birthplace of the Lord, and that there was a temple long before the  Babri mosque  was built after the alleged demolition of the temple by Babar. They held that this qualified the site as one of the most sacred sites of  Hinduism, where a temple should be reconstructed.The party under its president  Lal Krishna Advani  invigorated the nation with various rath yatras and succeeded in creating a popular protest amongst Hindus. On 6 December 1992, hundreds of VHP and BJP activists broke down an orderly protest into a frenzied attack, and razed the mosque. Over the following weeks, waves of violence between Hindus and Muslims erupted all over th e country, killing over 1000 people. The VHP was banned by the government, and many BJP leaders, including L. K. Advani were arrested briefly for provoking the destruction.Although widely condemned by many across the country for playing politics with sensitive issues, the BJP won the support of millions of Hindus, as well as national prominence. Victory in assembly elections of  Delhi  in 1993 and  Gujarat  and  Maharashtra  in March 1995, and a good performance in the elections to the  Karnataka  assembly in December 1994, propelled the BJP to the centrestage. During the BJP session at Mumbai in November 1995, BJP president L. K. Advani declared that Vajpayee would be the Prime Minister of India if the BJP won the next parliamentary elections scheduled for May 1996.In that election, the BJP emerged as the single largest party in the Lok Sabha and Vajpayee became Prime minister. He, however had to resign within 13 days as the BJP was unable to obtain the required maj ority. In the Lok Sabha elections held in 1998 the  National Democratic Alliance  (NDA) obtained a  simple majority. This time, the BJP (NDA) had allied with the  All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam  (AIADMK) and the  Biju Janata Dal  besides its existing allies, the  Samata Party, the  Shiromani Akali Dal  and  Shiv Sena. Outside support was provided by the  Telugu Desam Party  (TDP).The NDA had a slim majority, and Vajpayee returned as prime minister after the 13-day stint in 1996. [20]But the coalition ruptured in May 1999 when the leader of AIADMK,  Jayalalitha, withdrew her support, and fresh elections were again held. On 13 October 1999, the BJP-led NDA riding on a wave of popularity, following victory in the Kargil war and major public support for Vajpayee, won 303 seats. The BJP alone had its highest ever tally of 183. Vajpayee became prime minister for the third time, and Advani became the deputy prime minister and  Home Minister. This NDA government lasted its full term of five years.Vajpayee and his economic team, led by Finance Minister  Yashwant Sinha  continued the policies initiated by the previous Congress government under  P. V. Narasimha Raoand  Manmohan Singh. The NDA government also facillatated major privatisations of previously nationalised government corporations, the implementation of  World Trade Organisation  guidelines,  airline deregulation,foreign investment  and ownership and allowed private companies such as  Mahindra World City  and  Reliance  to build  Special Economic Zones  where  property developers  could build new cities with high-standard infrastructure to manufacture and export products.The BJP and the NDA met with an unexpected defeat in the  2004 general elections, and failed to muster a parliamentary majority. Manmohan Singh of the  Congress Party  and  United Progressive Alliance  succeeded Vajpayee as prime minister. In May 2008, the BJP wo n the state elections in Karnataka. This was the first time that the party had won Assembly elections in any south Indian state. In the 2009 general elections, BJP again faced defeat and its strength in Lok Sabha reduced to 116 seats. The unexpected defeat of BJP is attributed to bad performance of the party in Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttarakhand and Andhra Pradesh.