Essay on Setting in Hills Like White Elephants, by Ernest...

In the short story by Ernest Hemingway, Hills Like White Elephants, a couple is delayed at a train station en route to Madrid and is observed in conflict over the girls impending abortion. In his writing, Hemingway does not offer any commentary through a specific characters point of view, nor, in the storytelling, does he offer his explicit opinions on how to feel or think about the issues that emerge. The narrative seems to be purely objective, somewhat like a newspaper or journal article, and in true Hemingway form the story ends abruptly, without the couples conflict clearly being resolved. The ambiguity of the ending has been a subject of much debate; however, the impact of what is not said in words can be gleaned through the†¦show more content†¦Being at a railway junction (a parallel to the junction in their lives) they are in veritably the middle of nowhere in northeastern Spain. This physical isolation The time constraints imposed by their mode of travel only magnif ies the exigency of their decision. They are only at this junction for forty minutes, and once the train arrives they have only two minutes to board. The detail that it is the express from Barcelona(142) is a contrivance employed by Hemingway to add a sense of urgency to their situation. The two tracks, each one representing an individual and their wishes, run parallel to each other, never crossing, and hence leave no room for compromise. It is either one track or the other. The pair is sitting outside at a table facing the dry hills. The girl looks out at the bleak, arid landscape and comments to her paramour that [the hills] look like white elephants(143). He brushes off this remark as a flight of fancy; after all, the hills bear no physical resemblance to white elephants. The girl is looking at these hills as being emblematic of their current lifestyle, and is trying to find some good in it, perhaps to convince herself to heed her partners wishes and go through with the abortion. She is trying to find magic in something very grim, but this self-pacifying tactic fails. His callous response to her attempt at finding beauty only furthers the emotional and ideologicalShow MoreRelatedEssay on Setting in Hills Like White Elephants, by Ernest Hemingway712 Words   |  3 Pagesbirds chirping, all of these are examples of setting. Setting can create the mood and tone of characters in a story. In the story Hills Like White Elephants, the story starts out with our two characters, Jig and the American, also referred to as the man, on a train overlooking mountains. â€Å"The girl was looking off at the line of hills. They were white in the sun and the country was brown and dry† (Hemingway). In the case of this short story, the hills provided Jig something to take her mind off ofRead MoreEvaluation Argument Hills Like White Elephants1388 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Ernest Hemingway: Hills Like White Elephants A white elephant is an idiom for a valuable but burdensome possession, but also it means a rare and sacred creature. In Ernest Hemingway’s short story Hills Like White Elephants, Hemingway uses an unborn child as a white elephant. This short story depicts a couple of an American man and young women at a train station somewhere in Spain. Hemingway tells the story from watching the couple from across the bar and listening to their troublesome conversationRead MoreHedonism in Hills Like White Elephants, by Ernest Hemingway Essay1588 Words   |  7 Pagescreation of a culture solely dedicated to consume. Ernest Hemingway analyses the behavioral patterns of such culture in his short story Hills Like White Elephants, where the concept of Hedonism- fathomed as an egotistical action whose only purpose is to bestow pleasure- and its consequences on the individual is explored. Through the characters dialogue in which they avoid a substantial conversation and implicitly state their dis appointment in life, Hemingway explores the emptiness generated by pleasure-seekingRead MoreCritical Analysis of the Short Story ‘Hills Like White Elephants’ by Ernest Hemingway.1497 Words   |  6 Pagesshort story ‘Hills like White Elephants’ by Ernest Hemingway. Word Count: 1367 Hills like White Elephants – Ernest Hemingway â€Å"Will Jig have the abortion and stay with the man; will Jig have the abortion and leave the man; or will Jig not have the abortion and win the man over to her point of view?† (Hashmi, N, 2003). These are the three different scenarios that have been seriously considered in Ernest Hemingway’s short story, â€Å"Hills like White Elephants†. Ernest Hemingway is a great writerRead More`` Hills Like White Elephants `` By Ernest Hemingway1750 Words   |  7 PagesErnest Hemingway’s stories are known for their ever interpreting meanings behind them, and â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† does not trail from the rest due to the never mentioned word ‘abortion’. â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants,† written by Ernest Hemingway, takes place around World War 1 in Spain, at a train station (Hills Like White Elephants. 4). An American man and a girl have been discussing the girl’s unspecific operation. It is apparent that the girl is perturbed about this operation, while theRead MoreErnest Hemingway s Hills Like White Elephants952 Words   |  4 PagesErnest Hemingway, a well-known American writer, was born in Cicero, Illinois, in 1899. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. â€Å"Hills like White Elephants† was written in 1927, the short story is about a young couple, located at a train station somewhere in Spain, who throughout the story are having a verbal argument about an unnamed operation. The reader can quickly figure out that the operation the two main characters, the American and Jig, are discussing is an abortion. Ernest Hemingway’sRead MoreAnalysis of Hills Like White Elephants, by Ernest Hemingway Essay978 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† by Earnest Hemingway is a short story from 1927 that describes a couple drinking at a train station in Spain, and the story is relayed by an outside narrator. The third person narrator in this story gives the reader the events pieced together, told afterward, and translated to English. It is clear throughout the story that the girl (who is never named) does not speak Spanish, while her boyfriend does. When he first orders two beers, he does so in Spanish through statingRead More`` Hills Like White Elephant `` By Ernest Hemingway865 Words   |  4 Pagesbefore it begins, or as easily getting rid of problem before it even became one. In the short story â€Å"Hills like White Elephant†, the compensation of abortion can easily be seen between Jig and her American lover’s decision whether to keep the innocent’s life or not. Ernest Hemingway uses the fiction element plot, symbolism, and setting to illustrate the theme of abortion in â€Å"Hills like White Elephants.† Abortion has been viewed as a crucial struggle between couples. Many view this situation as endingRead MoreErnest Hemingway s Hills Like White Elephants Essay1135 Words   |  5 PagesRiobueno ENC1102 12/11/16 Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† Ernest Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† is a story about two characters on their journey in the valley of Spain. They are deciding whether or not to make an abortion, which is indirectly implied on the narrative. Hemingway has a specific way of creating the story that it becomes apparent that every description he used is a symbol of the plot. Through this way of storytelling, Hemingway created an adamant and veryRead MoreAbortion In Ernest Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants1237 Words   |  5 Pages The short story â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants,† by Ernest Hemingway, talk about a young couple and their relationship issue about abortion. Even though, the story happened in a short period of time, but it tells more than just a story. The woman named Jig, where the man only called as â€Å" a man† or â€Å" The American.† Although the relationship between them is complicated, but it is clearly that they are not married. However, they continued their relationship which came to result that Jig became pregnant

Latino Literature Essay - 1036 Words

U.S. Latino literature is as important and historical as any other. We often refer and quote recent or current Hispanic authors but we forget that there is a whole timeline behind every word and idea. History itself was first of all recorded in peoples minds and hearts and through oral tradition was it passed on, later marked through drawings and symbols and finally, and after thousands of years, reached formal written ground. This carriage of messages and form of expression evolved through time and the way it is delivered along with the language in it has too. We can see evidence of that in Latino literature, from the early accounts of explorers to the modern day authors who fight for the rights of humankind, it has an entire†¦show more content†¦As mentioned earlier, the first literature relating to Latin America where from an outside view and opinion. Now with the Chicano literature of the 1970s and ’80s we get a more direct perspective from Latinos themselves . Of course many centuries have passed since the early writings but now works are more sophisticated and adapted to fit the needs of expression and ideas. One of the great more modern writers is Tomà ¡s Rivera, known famously for writing †¦And the Earth Did Not Devour Him which is also seen in film. In his work we can see various chapters or stories that even though they are short in length they carry a heavy message towards the reader. In this message he presents the hard life of many Chicanos and downs of everyday living for migrant Hispanic workers. In his book there is not a short citation that would fully explain the deplorable situation and circumstances that occur in the lives of the people. There are some short narrations like the one in page one hundred and nineteen that cause a emotion of sympathy and acceptance and displays the ever present desire, noticeable in many Hispanic literary works of this time, to become part of something grand. We can see that this desire is very evident, followed by the passion of living and working hard to achieve hopes and dreams. These examples of literature are a huge step in Latino improvement, evolution and fight for freedom. Tomà ¡s Rivera also made huge contributions with his lifeShow MoreRelatedEssay on Insight on the Life and Works of Julia Alvarez1239 Words   |  5 Pages A novelist and a poet, Julia Alvarez is considered to be one of the greats when talking about American literature. At her current age of 64, she has a numerous amount of writings and has won many awards. Personal life experiences from her youth to the Civil War to now have highly influenced her works (Heredia). Descriptive and influential, it is clear wh y Alvarez’s publications have influenced society the way they have today. Aged 64, Julia Alvarez is considered to be one of the greatest AmericanRead More Sadest Poem Essay470 Words   |  2 Pagesis as I understood one of the most famous Latinos poet. 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Continuous Improvement of Team Assignments †Assignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Continuous Improvement of Team Assignments. Answer: Introduction The continuous improvement plan is basically important for the development of the improved services in the organization (Luther and Wells 2017). The continuous improvement plan would help in developing the improved processes and align the improvement of the operations in the organization. The continuous development plan is formed for integrating the operations of the organization and development of the effective and smart processing. The development of the operations would be helpful for forming the integration of the systematic flow of operations and it would imply the development of the improved processing for the organization. The following essay would be helpful for the analysis of the continuous improvement plan and it would help in easing the process of the effective and smart implementation system of operations. The case study of the implementation of continuous improvement plan is Latino Engineering and it would comprise the effective and optimized solution for their functions and operations. Some recommendations for sorting the issues of Latino Engineering are, Development of Continuous Improvement Plan: According to Morgan and Stewart (2017), the development of the operations by using Continuous Improvement plan would be helpful for forming the accurate and improved services for the organization. Deployment of the Plan: As opined by Chadha (2017), the deployment of the effective continuous improvement plan would help in developing the formation of the effective and smart processing in the organization. Continuous Improvement Plan for Latino Engineering The continuous improvement plan would be implied for the development of the effective and smart processing of Latino Engineering. The supportive and improved processing of the operations would be benefited for the implication of the operations (Bernhardt 2013). The development of the continuous improvement plan would imply the systematic and improved processes for the organization. The integration of the operations would help in forming the supportive development of the operations for integrating the system integration. The continuous improvement plan would help Latino Engineering in developing the improved processes and align the improvement of the operations in the organization. The continuous development plan is formed for integrating the operations of the Latino Engineering organization and development of the effective and smart processing (Tichnor-Wagner et al. 2017). The development of the operations would be helpful for forming the integration of the systematic flow of operati ons and it would imply the development of the improved processing for the Latino Engineering organization. The development of the operations would imply the effective and improved processes of the Latino Engineering organization. The retiring of Dominic, after 30 years of working in Latino Engineering, resulted in attracting a group of investors for buying the Latino Engineering. The investors had retained the companys name for ensuring that the disruption of clientele would not happen (Bernal 2014). However, some senior engineers had left the company for seeking new options in their career. It had resulted in forming some issues in operations and functions of Latino Engineering. The issues of the Latino Engineering had been both technical and operational due to the change of the management and resigning of the senior engineers. The Latino Engineering had to face the issues of defective engineering equipments that had resulted in forming the incompatible issues for Latino Engineering and their working operations (Dessinger and Moseley 2015). The operations of the Latino Engineering had not been helpful for interacting the smooth operations and systematic development. The equipments that had been employed at Latino Engineering were not working properly and it resulted in forming the delay of operations and decrement of the productivity. The absence of the senior engineers at Latino Engineering resulted in poor designs and lack of development follow up. It resulted in forming the issue of the operations due to integration of the poor design in the organization (Singh and Singh 2015). The Latino Engineering also had to face the issue of delayed operation for sol ving any issue they had to face. The delay was caused due to the inexperienced engineers of the Latino Engineering. The service team were also not very active and the customer management also suffered the loss of the effective channel of communication. The engineering equipments were wrongly packed and it was not delivered to the clients in proper time. All these issues of defective engineering equipments, poor designs and lack of development follow up, delayed operation for solving any issue, service team were also not very active, customer management also suffered the loss of the effective channel of communication, and engineering equipments were wrongly packed and not delivered to the clients in proper time (Lewis 2016). It was required to implement a continuous improvement plan that would help in solving all these issues and form the effective operations in Latino Engineering. The continuous improvement plan would be developed for analysing the issues and their impact on the operations of Latino Engineering for solving the issues and form some scope for the improvement of the operations of the Latino Engineering Organization (Copeland, Zarbo and Varney 2016). The development of the operations would imply the effective and improved processes of the organization. The continuous improvement plan consists of development of the operations for integrating the improved services of the organization. The employment of the operations would help in forming the development of the operations to resolve the effective processing. The continuous improvement plan can be developed with the help of PDCA cycle or Plan Do Check and Act cycle. According to Lee, Davies and Mark Stephens (2014), the PDCA cycle is implied for developing the continuous improvement plan in the organization of Latino Engineering. The PDCA cycle consists of four activities namely Plan, Do, Check, and Act. These steps would be helpful for integrating the smart operations of the implementation of the continuous improvement plan. The implementation would be highly effective with the help of the implementation of the continuous improvement plan. The development of the effective operations would be facilitated for implying the effective control of operations. The Plan Phase would be helpful for forming the development of the operations in the organization. The plan would be developed for the integration of the operations of the continuous improvement plan for the Latino Engineering. The step is characterized by the identification of the problems with respect to data and facts (Shakman, Bailey and Breslow 2017). The analysis would be helpful for integrating the issues of the organization and develop an understanding their impact. The development of the plan would form the effective use of development process. The plan development would form the use of the effective planning method for the integration of the operations. The phase of the planning would be implied for forming the effective and improved processing of the implementation tools. The planning would require the use of the effective management and operations that would help in integrating the system operations. The Do Phase would be helpful for implying the secured operations of the organization (Fryer, Antony and Douglas 2015). The implementation of the operations would be helpful for forming the effective and smart processing of the operations for the organization. The analysis would be helpful for integrating the issues of the organization and develop an understanding their impact. The understanding of the business performance and the impact of the problems on the business operations would be done in this phase of PDCA cycle. The Do Phase would form the effective and smart processing of the organization for forming the implementation of the plan. The phase is characterized by the deployment of the effe ctive and smart operations of the system developed integration (Drost and Chaney 2014). The phase would be developed for forming the integration of the operations for implementing the continuous improvement plan in the Latino Engineering. The Check Phase would be helpful for forming the improved processing of the organization and it would result in forming the improved processing of the organization. The phase would employ the development of integration for the development of the effective and improved processes. The phase would help in forming the effective development of the operations. The control plan would help in controlling the integration of the operations for the continuous development of the operations (Pyzdek and Keller 2014). The step would help in developing the sustainability and improved plan for the Latino Engineering organization. The check phase would evaluate the operations of the implementation and it would help in developing the effective operations of the organ ization. The Act Phase is characterised by the management of the operations and it would help in forming the effective use of the information processing. The phase would help in developing the effective use of the operations for acting on the review phase of the operations. The measurement of the benefits would imply the benefits of the financial success of the operations. The final result would be implied for forming the effective role of operations in the organization. According to Evans and Lindsay (2014), the development of the operations would imply the role of the system integration and analysis. The diagram of the continuous improvement plan had been given in the Appendix-A section of the assignment. The implementation of the continuous improvement plan would be easily implied for forming the effective flow of information in the organization. The activities of the continuous improvement plan would be implied with the help of Six Sigma Process (Furterer 2016). The Six Sigma Approach would be employed for analysing the effective and improved processing of the operations to form the deployment of the system integration. The Six Sigma Approach would imply the use of analysing the practical problem, analytical analysis, statistical analysis, practical solution, development of control plan, and final result development for developing the continuous improvement plan of Latino Engineering organization. The development of the improved processes would be implied for integrating the operations of the organization and it would form the development of the operations for Latino Engineering (Matsuo and Nakahara 2013). The Analysis of the Practical Problem would help in analysis of the issues an d problems of the Latino Engineering for forming the effective and smart processes of the operations. The step is characterized by the identification of the problems with respect to data and facts. The analysis would be helpful for integrating the issues of the organization and develop an understanding their impact. The understanding of the business performance and the impact of the problems on the business operations would be done in this phase of plan (Liu et al. 2014). The Analytical Analysis would help in forming the evaluation of the problems identified in the first phase. The problems would be identified in terms of the facts and data gathered within the analysis step. The analytical analysis would be based on the development of the effective tools of analysis such as IBM data analytics, Hadoop big data analytics, and Cloud Storage. These data storage platform would help in storing the various data and information regarding the issues of the Latino Engineering and it would hel p in forming the appropriate analysis of the operations. The Statistical Analysis would help in forming the effective and smart processing of the data for developing the system integration and operations (Pietrzak and Paliszkiewicz 2015). The step involves the development of the data driven and reliable solution for the Latino Engineering. The improved processes would form the development of the operations with the analysis of the statistical data analysis. The Practical Solution would be developed for forming the improved processes of the organization. It comprises of the development of the profitable and errors reduction solution for the Latino Engineering. According to Evans and Lindsay (2014), the solution would be data driven and developed by forming the use of analysis tools. The implementation of the operations would help in forming the accurate and systematic development of the practical solution for Latino Engineering. The Development of Control Plan would imply the support of the operations by the help of control plan for integra ting the operations for the informative development. The control plan would help in controlling the integration of the operations for the continuous development of the operations (Pyzdek and Keller 2014). The step would help in developing the sustainability and improved plan for the Latino Engineering organization. The Final Result Development would form the analysis of the operations and it would form the development of the effective solutions for implying the systematic flow of operations for the organization. The measurement of the benefits would imply the benefits of the financial success of the operations. The final result would be implied for forming the effective role of operations in the organization. The development of the operations would imply the role of the system integration and analysis (Furterer 2016). The diagram of the implementation of continuous improvement plan had been given in the Appendix-B section of the assignment. Conclusion It can be concluded from the essay that the development of the continuous improvement plan would be implied for the development of the effective processing of the information. The continuous improvement plan had been basically important for the development of the improved services in the organization. The essay had formed the analysis of the continuous improvement plan and it had helped in easing the process of the effective and smart implementation system of operations. The case study of the implementation of continuous improvement plan was Latino Engineering and it would comprise the effective and optimized solution for their functions and operations. The integration of the operations helped in forming the supportive development of the operations for integrating the system integration. The continuous improvement plan assists Latino Engineering in developing the improved processes and aligns the improvement of the operations in the organization. The issues of the Latino Engineering had been both technical and operational due to the change of the management and resigning of the senior engineers. The Latino Engineering had to face the issues of defective engineering equipments that had resulted in forming the incompatible issues for Latino Engineering and their working operations. The recommendations for the improvement of the operations had comprised the development of the Continuous Development Plan and implementing the effective development of the operations for Latino Engineering. All these issues of defective engineering equipments, poor designs and lack of development follow up, delayed operation for solving any issue, service team were also not very active, customer management also suffered the loss of the effective channel of communication, and engineering equipments were wrongly packed and not delivered to the clients in proper time. The continuous improvement plan had developed with the help of PDCA cycle or Plan Do Check and Act cycle. The Plan Phase had been helpful for forming the development of the operations in the organization. The Do Phase was helpful for implying the secured operations of the organization. The Check Phase was helpful for forming the improved processing of the organization and it had resulted in forming the improved processing of the organization. The Act Phase was characterised by the management of the operations and it would help in forming the effective use of the information processing. The Six Sigma Approach was employed for analysing the effective and improved processing of the operations to form the deployment of the system integration. The analysis of the practical problem, analytical analysis, statistical analysis, practical solution, development of control plan, and final result development had been followed for forming the operations. References Bernal, J.J., 2014. PDCA Cycle (Plan, Do, Check, Act): The Deming cycle and the continuous improvement. Bernhardt, V., 2013.Data analysis for continuous school improvement. Routledge. Chadha, R., 2017. Value Through Continuous Improvement.FAIMA Business Management Journal,5(1), p.40. Copeland, J., Zarbo, R. and Varney, R., 2016. Deviation Management: A Defect Management System for Continuous Improvement.American Journal of Clinical Pathology,146(suppl_1), p.189. Dessinger, J.C. and Moseley, J.L., 2015.Confirmative evaluation: Practical strategies for valuing continuous improvement. John Wiley Sons. Drost, D. and Chaney, J., 2014. Core Course Outcomes Assessment and Program Continuous Improvement Using an Integrative Business Plan an Empirical Evaluation.Developments in Business Simulation and Experiential Learning,28. Evans, J.R. and Lindsay, W.M., 2014.An introduction to Six Sigma and process improvement. Cengage Learning. Fryer, K.J., Antony, J. and Douglas, A., 2015. Critical Success Factors of Continuous Improvement in the Public Sector: A review of literature and some key findings. Furterer, S.L. ed., 2016.Lean Six Sigma in service: applications and case studies. CRC Press. Lee, P., Davies, K. and Mark Stephens, O.N.S., 2014. Continuous Improvement of Gross Domestic Product: Sources, Methods and Communication. Lewis, W.E., 2016.Software testing and continuous quality improvement. CRC press. Liu, X., Zhu, Y., Peng, K., Zhou, C., Liu, M., Liu, S.C. and Tu, C., 2014. Application of PDCA Method in Quality Management of Running Medical Records at the Department of Orthopedics.Chinese Medical Record English Edition,2(3), pp.112-115. Luther, M. and Wells, J., 2017. Assessment on Solid Ground: Collaboration between Universities and Academic Libraries in the Context of a Continuous Improvement Plan. Matsuo, M. and Nakahara, J., 2013. The effects of the PDCA cycle and OJT on workplace learning.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,24(1), pp.195-207. Morgan, S.D. and Stewart, A.C., 2017. Continuous Improvement of Team Assignments: Using a Web?Based Tool and the Plan?Do?Check?Act Cycle in Design and Redesign.Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education,15(3), pp.303-324. Pietrzak, M. and Paliszkiewicz, J., 2015. Framework of Strategic Learning: The PDCA Cycle.Management (18544223),10(2). Pyzdek, T. and Keller, P.A., 2014.The six sigma handbook(p. 25). New York: McGraw-Hill Education. Shakman, K., Bailey, J. and Breslow, N., 2017. A Primer for Continuous Improvement in Schools and Districts. Singh, J. and Singh, H., 2015. Continuous improvement philosophyliterature review and directions.Benchmarking: An International Journal,22(1), pp.75-119. Tichnor-Wagner, A., Wachen, J., Cannata, M. and Cohen-Vogel, L., 2017. Continuous improvement in the public school context: Understanding how educators respond to plandostudyact cycles.Journal of Educational Change, pp.1-30.

Witch Of Blackbird Pond Essays - The Witch Of Blackbird Pond

Witch Of Blackbird Pond CH 1 The main character loads a ship called the dolphin. While on the dolphin she makes some friends and some enemies. A lot of the people on the ship think she is a witch. They think this because she jumped off the boat and she could. Predictions I think once they arrive the people on the dolphin will put kit on a witch trial. I don't believe you're a witch if you can swim CH 2 No one is talking to Kit right now. Her friend Nat teases her a lot. It seems that at this point that Kit loves to read. Not much has happened yet. Predictions I still think that the crewmembers are going to put Kit on witch trial. I don't care who the person was I would talk to the person no matter what even if she were a witch. CH 3 Kit finds her aunt and uncle and cousins. She has two cousins Merry and Judith. Her uncle did not know that Kit was coming (How embarrassing) Predictions Wouldn't you be so embarrass if you showed up and they didn't know you were coming. CH 4 At her aunt and uncles house and gives them clothes as a present. The only person who can keep them is Merry. Kits uncle didn't know she was coming Predictions I think that Kit feels uncomfortable at her aunt's house. I would feel uncomfortable too especially if they didn't know I was coming CH 5 Kit is forced to go to church with everyone even though she doesn't want to. At church she meets Abby and Will. Kit doesn't know that church is an all day thing here. Predictions I think that Will likes Kit. Will is going to come visit her at her aunt's CH 6/7 In chapter 6 the reverend came over for dinner. They gave up two days of sugar just for him. Matt doesn't like him. Will wants to come see Kit. In seven Will does come over I guess I was right. Will was so nervous he froze up in front of everyone Predictions I don't like Judith very much. I think Kit is beginning to like Will. CH 8 Kit and Judith have to go to the onion field and weed it the field is near the widow's house. Predictions I think Kit is starting to like living with everyone CH 9/10 Kit is trying to teach kids to read. She tried to teach them a play but it didn't work. Kit ran into the meadows and stayed there for hours. Kit is still trying to teach them. She goes to Hannah's house and sees Nat. Predictions I think that Hannah might be a good witch if a witch at all. Kit is not a witch though. Hannah and Kit will become good friends CH11 Kit runs into Prudence and talks to her. Prudence wants to read but her mom says it's stupid. Kit privately teaches her. Predictions I think that Hannah is trying to cover up something she's just to nice. CH12 School is finally over. Kit goes to Hannah's house. When she gets there Nat is there Kit helps mere Hannah's roof. Predictions I think Nat is going to stay for a while and help out Hannah. CH13 Kit finds out that John likes merry and not Judith (that's good) even though its work the husking bee is fun. Judith isn't disappointed about John (that's too bad) Predictions I think Will will stay after the husking bee. Matt will take Hannah for with craft. CH14 Andros will become Mayer. He will try to take away the charter. Nat has to stay because the dolphin is against the wind Predictions Hannah is going to try to stop Andros from taking away the charter I still think Hannah is a good witch if any CH15/16 There is a meeting held by no other than Andros. The charter was lost. The people are safe in Connecticut. Kit teaches Prudence how to write. Predictions I think that Hannah will be banned for doing witchcraft CH 17 Merry and Judith get sick the town people go to burn down Hannah's house down. Kit goes to take Hannah. Hannah gets on the Dolphin Predictions I think now they will think Kit is a witch because she helped Hannah. CH18 Judith might get better from her cold. Now that Hannah is gone Kit is thought to be the witch just as I predicted. Predictions

Overview of Volatility Clustering

Overview of Volatility Clustering Volatility clustering is the tendency of  large changes in prices of financial assets to cluster together, which results in the persistence of these magnitudes of price changes. Another way to describe the phenomenon of volatility clustering is to quote famous scientist-mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot, and define it as the observation that large changes tend to be followed by large changes...and small changes tend to be followed by small changes when it comes to markets. This phenomenon is observed when there are extended periods of high market volatility or the relative rate at which the price of a financial asset change,  followed by a period of calm or low volatility. The Behavior of Market Volatility Time series of financial asset returns often demonstrates volatility clustering.  In a time series of stock prices, for instance, it is observed that the variance of returns or log-prices is high for extended periods and then low for extended periods. As such, the variance of daily returns can be high one month (high volatility) and show low variance (low volatility) the next. This occurs to such a degree that it makes an iid model (independent and identically  distributed model) of log-prices or asset returns unconvincing. It is this very property of time series of prices that is called volatility clustering. What this means in practice and in the world of investing is that as markets respond to new information with large price movements (volatility), these high-volatility environments tend to endure for a while after that first shock. In other words, when a market suffers a volatile shock,  more volatility should be expected. This phenomenon has been referred to as the persistence of volatility shocks, which gives rise to the concept of volatility clustering.   Modeling Volatility Clustering The phenomenon of volatility clustering has been of great interest to researchers of many backgrounds and has influenced the development of stochastic models in finance. But volatility clustering is  usually approached by modeling the price process with an ARCH-type model.  Today, there are  several methods for quantifying and modeling this phenomenon, but the two most widely-used models are the autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH) and the  generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models. While ARCH-type models and stochastic volatility models are used by researchers to offer some statistical systems that imitate volatility clustering, they still do not give any economic explanation for it.

Five Key Steps to Working with Editors

Five Key Steps to Working with Editors For those writing a series, you’ll need to describe where the book fits into the series.  There are different ways to create lists; however Excel works well for me when preparing a timeline. I head the first three columns Character, Purpose, and Relationship to Protagonist. The fourth is labeled Chapter One, subheaded with the time and date. Below Character, I list primary and secondary characters as they appear in the book, then note something about their purpose under the chapter they appear in. The great thing about Excel is that it’s user friendly. You can easily manipulate rows and columns to insert or delete material.  You writers out there are probably groaning

Experiencing Long-term Care, Rehabilitation & Recovery (BSc Adult Essay

Experiencing Long-term Care, Rehabilitation & Recovery (BSc Adult Nursing) - Essay Example The study focuses on two themes that are important to understand long term conditions and long term care. These themes are; self care/self support and supported care management. Self care/ self support involves persons with long term conditions managing their own care plans without much help from others for instance nurses and other professionals. This concept is known as â€Å"expert patient† and it is based on the premise that the person with the condition or disease understands it better than health care professionals. These patients have more knowledge about their conditions and have therefore learned ways of managing them. The patients undertake programs which provide information, resources and ways of developing relationships with healthcare bodies. This approach has demonstrated benefits for patients because they possess more knowledge of their conditions, ensures participation in decision making and get involved in the symptoms management processes. Although the concept of â€Å"expert patient† has its advantages, we must always be mindful of leaving some patients feeling abandoned and neglected when they are not able to manage skills and information they have been provided with. It is therefore advisable for patients to enroll in the supported care where nurses and other professionals are able to take care of both their personal and health needs. This is the reason that there must be a partnership with the patients, nurses and other professionals. The second half of the twentieth century brought a realization that due to the increase in numbers of people living with long term conditions (LTC), health care needed to be improved with an emphasis on patients being empowered to become decision makers in their care (Margerson, 2010). In the case scenario of Angela, the study concludes that she should focus more on supported care management where professionals with vast knowledge will assist

Internet Technology, Marketing, and Security Research Paper - 2

Internet Technology, Marketing, and Security - Research Paper Example It is based on some basic set of assumptions. The general conception is a well-built confidence in amplified sales for a mature business that promotes good quality products, excellent pricing, fine ads, and even improved social repute if they decide to run the correct advertisements for the correct audience. The fundamental paraphernalia was almost always accessible to mark demographic categories on social media. This one concept was embedded with the ever mounting number of people using social media sites from their machines and their personal digital assistants gave the momentum for management to agree on the fact that the only reasonable way to succeed is to go ahead via social media, and if accomplishment was not attained during their anticipated time frame then the resolution had to be more assets that must be invested into the project ( Belch, 2012). This ended up as a fuel to new development for social media corporations assisting them to build up even more tempting networks i n accordance to their clientele. Facebook, being one of the largest social media company is a result of the above described phenomenon. There are also some that worked on user data mining as Flow Town that is under Demand force, went forward with the objective to put up user information for sale to companies that opt for express mail while thinking to better deal with their end user links using custom notifications exclusively customized for each depending on their social media action on all sites. (Bloch, 2010) It is a hoax with numerous admirers still hoping for a marketing magic land. But as many failed events commence to come up generating new ideas, a novel way of thinking, an innovative estimation is at the moment offered to the community at large that evidently recognizes the imperfection of the procedure and predicts an opposite way to move for the now imagined business. Answer:2 There are several advantages and disadvantages when social media is used by business entrepreneu rs. The obvious advantage comprises of  data collection from media users via internet and then arranging data through software that eliminates manual activity of sorting data. Initially developing customized applications will be costly and take some time but it is worth the effort and money because a lot of time and resources are saved in the future and important data including market content is being provided (Smith and zook, 2011). Other advantages of social media comprise of Low costs, builds credibility, and the augmented number of associations (DAS, 2009) and modifying an existing business to make it efficient or making a new business (Mercer, 2009) . A noteworthy benefit of social media advertising is growing experience and growing traffic. almost two-thirds of marketers are utilizing social media to increase marketplace intellect.(65%). Attached for fourth place, 58% of marketers specify producing front and increasing devotees are repayment of social media (Stelzner, 2012). Shortcoming would contain, from a marketer's perspective, protection apprehension, particularly those relevant to Internet privacy and security concerns. Marketers may also be anxious about expenses of considerable quantity of resources to give guarantee  for building trust to media users to reassure the users that all information taken

Patriot Act Essay Example for Free

Patriot Act Essay An act was created in the dark days following the terrorist attacks against the United States on September 11, 2001. It was created to allow the agencies of law enforcement and intelligence to have more authority in order to prevent any future attacks by terrorists on the United States. Additionally, it made available monitoring tools within the United States to aggressively address the Bush administrations domestic war on terrorism. The draft title of the act was â€Å"Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001†. However, today it is better known as the USA Patriot Act. The Patriot Act was responsible for drastic changes in over 15 important government and constitutional statues. All which lead to the increased ability of the government and law enforcement to secretly monitor, conduct surveillance, and investigate anyone at anytime. Previous to September 11, 2001 there were several attempts by the Republican Party to allow for the electronic surveillance of citizens within the United States however these provisions were highly criticized as being anti-constitutional and therefore anti-American. It was this single act of terrorism which promoted Congress to tear apart the rights granted to every citizen in the United States Constitution and allow the rights of privacy to be completely subordinated. When asked why, congressional officials always cite the 9/11 terrorists attacks. Even the former White House John Podesta challenged their decisions stating that the devastating events of 9/11 emotionally pressured the members of Congress to agree to allow new legal implements to help fight the terrorists. He continues â€Å"But we should not forget what gave rise to the original opposition- many aspects of the bill increase the opportunity for law enforcement and the intelligence community to return to an era where they monitored and sometimes harassed individuals who were merely exercising their First Amendment rights. † After the establishment of the specific content of the Patriot Act, congress was given only a single week to pass the act. John Ashcroft not only had a time limit but also required there would be absolutely no changes to the act. Several congressman headed by the the Vermonts Patrick Leahy did convince the Department of Justice to make some changes and gradually members of Congress worked together and improvements were made. The process was not fast enough for John Ashcroft and he pressured Congress and the public by repeatedly warning that additional terrorists attacks were upon the United States and only Congress had the power to stop them by passing the Patriot Act. At that point all the revisions to the act were taken away and was passed. The Act was passed 357–66 in the House of Representatives. President Bush signed the Patriot Act into law on 26 October, 2001. What is most baffling about the Patriot Act is very few people can actually explain what the Patriot Act is and what is says. John Ashcroft on several occasions tried to explain exactly what the details of the Patriot Act is: Prosecutors will seek judicial authority to intercept communications related to an expanded list of terrorism-related crimes such as: the development, possession, or use of chemical or biological weapons; financial transaction with a terrorist government; or providing material support to terrorists or terrorist organizations. Investigators will use `roving wiretaps to intercept communications and thereby thwart the ability of terrorists to evade surveillance by switching phones or communication devices. Investigators will now aggressively pursue terrorists on the internet. The legislation permits investigators to obtain senders and receivers e-mail addresses just as it is done with telephone surveillance. Terrorists employ sophisticated technologies to evade detection and the legislation updates the law to the technology. Investigators will use search warrants to obtained unopened voice mail and e-mail. However, the most important parts of the Patriot Act were left out of his description. Under the stipulations of the act, obtaining warrants are much easier. It also approves unspecified search warrants to be used without notification. These particular components are in direct contrast to those given to all citizens in the Fourth Amendment which gives protection against â€Å"unreasonable searches and seizures. † The the real power the Patriot Act is in the subpoena. This allows the authorities to search and find credit card and bank account information of any suspected terrorists on the world wide web. This â€Å"will allow investigators to identify the terrorist who hides behind a fictitious internet name. The question remains how does the government determine who is a potential terrorist or not- could it be you or me? The truth is there is no defined methodology. Therefore, this allows the FBI to order anyone  to turn over anything  for any  reason. These pieces of information can include library records, medical records, business records, emails, and student information. This is legal as long as the FBI believes the information will help in an â€Å"authorized investigation†. This is extremely vague and all inclusive. This is a clear violation of privacy rights outlined in the Constitution. The Patriot Act continues that only a single court order is needed to do a communication search that is world wide. Under normal circumstances the court order is only effective in the judicial district it was initiated in. It continues Law enforcement and intelligence committees will share information on terrorist activities and thus better coordinate their efforts to prevent terrorism. It is obvious that the Patriot Act is actually a secret tool which can be used against terrorism but can also be used anytime against anyone the government feels necessary. Mark Corallo of the Department of Justice, was quoted as saying â€Å"The Patriot Act was not meant to be just for terrorism. An article in Newsweek has reported that the government had used the provisions set up in the Patriot Act, to investigate 1000 people who have had absolutely no terrorisms connection. Many critics draw a comparisons to Orwells 1984 in which the general public was constantly monitored. Tampering with the founding document of the United States is a bad idea and no matter how many times the President of the United States states that The Patriot Act defends our liberty,† it simply is not true. Benjamin Franklin, a great American thinker, said decades ago Those who are willing to give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety. By passing and using the Patriot Act we are giving up our liberty for safety and in this case pseudo it is safety. The Patriot Act allows the government to treat every citizens as a potential terrorist. Based on that idea the government has the legal ability to question, search, and detain anyone. In recent months the Patriot Act has been renewed temporarily. However, it is clear that both members of Congress and the general population have lost faith and confidence in George Bush – in his actions and words. There are a number of outspoken critics of the Patriot Act including the American Civil Liberties Union who believed that the â€Å"Act gives the attorney general and federal law enforcement unnecessary and permanent new powers to violate civil liberties† and these infringements go way beyond those necessary for fighting terrorism. Many congressional officials who voted for the act in 2001 believe they made a mistake. John Kerry has been extremely open of his opinion that the Patriot Act was misrepresented and misused by the government. To be passed again, the Patriot Act must have substantial changes which will restore those rights granted to all American citizens. In fact there are almost no supporters of the Patriot Act as is, excluding those directly involved the Bush Administration. The governmentally run site which lists the reasons why the Patriot Act is beneficial lists the reasons why the act improves â€Å"counter-terrorism efforts. † They list four reasons including the following: the ability to readily investigate organized crime and the trafficking of drugs, allows information to be shared between governmental intelligence agencies, addresses new technology which is used in potential terrorist organizations, and increased the criminal punishment for terrorist activities. They also had the audacity to include on their web pages quotes of the Declaration of Independence as support for the the constitutionally debilitating provisions of the Patriot Act. The Patriot Act not only contradicts the United States Constitution but makes a mockery of the the hard work our founding fathers did to secure liberties for all of America and its citizens. By enacting into law our governmental officials took way our unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Our actions in the passing of the Patriot Act, the mistreatment of those who simply â€Å"look† like terrorists, and our self righteous behavior abroad in Iraq supports the idea that the United States is gradually becoming what killed all those people on September 11th, 2001 – a terrorist nation. And how long will the world wait and placidly watch America reek the same devastation worldwide?

Social Conflict and Rebellion in Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin in the S

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Lorraine Hansberry's play, A Raisin in the Sun, relates the story of a working-class African-American family with dreams. They are willing to rebel against the position that society has forced on them because of their race and class in order to fulfill their dreams. Walter Younger is a chauffeur who "can find no peace with that part of society which seems to permit him and no entry into that which has willfully excluded him" (Willie Loman 23). He wants to rise into wealth and live as his employer, Mr. Arnold, does. Walter feels as if he is going crazy at times. He tells Mama, "sometimes it's like I can see the future stretched out in front of me-just plain as day.... Hanging over there at the edge of my days. Just waiting for me- a big looming blank space-full of nothing.... But it don't have to be" (73-4). James Draper explains Walter's inability to act out in his work " Black Literature Criticisms," saying: The American ghetto hero may give up and contemplate his misery in rose-colored bars to the melodies of hypnotic saxophones, but revolution seems alien to him in his circumstances (America), and it is easier to dream of personal wealth than of a communal state wherein universal dignity is supposed to be corollary. Yet his position in time and space does allow for one other alternative: he may take his place on any one of a number of frontiers of challenge. Challenges (such as helping to break down restricted neighborhoods) which are admittedly limited because they most certainly do not threaten the basic social order. (Draper 214) Walter's sister, Beneatha, who is studying at a local university to be a doctor, fights many of her own social battles. At college, she finds "a place, as her family cannot, among othe... ...oday by minority families.    Works Cited and Consulted: Domina, Lynn. Understanding A Raisin In The Sun.   Conneticut.  Ã‚   Greenwood Press, 1998. Draper, James P. Black Literature Criticisms. Detroit: Gale Research Incorporated, 1992. Hansberry, Lorraine.   A Raisin in the Sun.   New York:   Signet, 1988. Hansberry, Lorraine. "An Author's Reflections: . Willie Loman, Walter Younger, And He Who Must Live" The Village Voice - Aug 12, 1959. Web 23 May 2015 https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1299&dat=19590812&id=09pHAAAAIBAJ&sjid=NYwDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6584,6415280&hl=en Rose, Philip. "YOU CAN'T DO THAT ON BROADWAY: 'A Raisin in the Sun' and Other Theatrical Improbabilities" Limelight Editions; 1st edition. 2004 Wilkerson, Margaret B. "The Sighted Eyes and Feeling Heart of Lorraine Hansberry." Black American Literature Forum 17.1 (1983): 8-13. Social Conflict and Rebellion in Lorraine Hansberry's A Raisin in the S   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Lorraine Hansberry's play, A Raisin in the Sun, relates the story of a working-class African-American family with dreams. They are willing to rebel against the position that society has forced on them because of their race and class in order to fulfill their dreams. Walter Younger is a chauffeur who "can find no peace with that part of society which seems to permit him and no entry into that which has willfully excluded him" (Willie Loman 23). He wants to rise into wealth and live as his employer, Mr. Arnold, does. Walter feels as if he is going crazy at times. He tells Mama, "sometimes it's like I can see the future stretched out in front of me-just plain as day.... Hanging over there at the edge of my days. Just waiting for me- a big looming blank space-full of nothing.... But it don't have to be" (73-4). James Draper explains Walter's inability to act out in his work " Black Literature Criticisms," saying: The American ghetto hero may give up and contemplate his misery in rose-colored bars to the melodies of hypnotic saxophones, but revolution seems alien to him in his circumstances (America), and it is easier to dream of personal wealth than of a communal state wherein universal dignity is supposed to be corollary. Yet his position in time and space does allow for one other alternative: he may take his place on any one of a number of frontiers of challenge. Challenges (such as helping to break down restricted neighborhoods) which are admittedly limited because they most certainly do not threaten the basic social order. (Draper 214) Walter's sister, Beneatha, who is studying at a local university to be a doctor, fights many of her own social battles. At college, she finds "a place, as her family cannot, among othe... ...oday by minority families.    Works Cited and Consulted: Domina, Lynn. Understanding A Raisin In The Sun.   Conneticut.  Ã‚   Greenwood Press, 1998. Draper, James P. Black Literature Criticisms. Detroit: Gale Research Incorporated, 1992. Hansberry, Lorraine.   A Raisin in the Sun.   New York:   Signet, 1988. Hansberry, Lorraine. "An Author's Reflections: . Willie Loman, Walter Younger, And He Who Must Live" The Village Voice - Aug 12, 1959. Web 23 May 2015 https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1299&dat=19590812&id=09pHAAAAIBAJ&sjid=NYwDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6584,6415280&hl=en Rose, Philip. "YOU CAN'T DO THAT ON BROADWAY: 'A Raisin in the Sun' and Other Theatrical Improbabilities" Limelight Editions; 1st edition. 2004 Wilkerson, Margaret B. "The Sighted Eyes and Feeling Heart of Lorraine Hansberry." Black American Literature Forum 17.1 (1983): 8-13.

Wuthering Heights Reading Log

Alex Plager Britten Wuthering Heights Assignment Round 2 Reading Log: The two men in Catherine's life represent one of many sets of doubles within the novel. Both of these men contrast one another, and fight for power, influence, love and attention in her life. Because both Edgar and Heathcliff both represent contrasting forces in the novel, they are unable to work together or act amiably towards one another. The goal of each one is to remove the other from Cathy's life. After Catherine's death, Heathcliff attempts to sneakily remove the lock of Edgar's hair enclosed in the locket about her neck and replace it with his own.In â€Å"open[ing] the trinket, and cast[ing] out its contents,† (145) Heathcliff believes that he has won this battle with Edgar. Symbolically, this action represents Heathcliff casting Edgar out of Catherine's life and heart, and filling the space with himself. Heathcliff walks out of the room believing that Catherine's body will be put to rest with only h is lock of hair on her, meaning that he will be with her for the remainder of her physical existence on this world. However, Nelly steps in and intertwines Edgar's hair with Heathcliff's.Both Edgar and Heathcliff live their lives believing that Catherine is holding a lock of only their own hair in her coffin, thinking that they are the only one who will be with her in death. However, Nelly's actions represent the fact that despite the two men's efforts of trying to win Catherine to themselves wholly, even in death, that Catherine holds both of them in her heart, and that neither one cannot be completely cast out. As Catherine is discussing the nature of her love for both Edgar and Heathcliff, she reveals a doubling within her personality.She says, â€Å"Nelly, I am Heathcliff,† (70) and continues on to say that any separation between them â€Å"is impracticable. † This revelation reveals a lot regarding their relationship, and how the two of them seem inseparable throu ghout the novel. It explains why Catherine allows Heathcliff to repeatedly come back into her life even though the sheer mention of his name perturbs Edgar's composure. The double that is Catherine/Heathcliff explains why Heathcliff is constantly a part of Catherine's life.For Catherine, Heathcliff is less of a separate person, a different entity, but more of a projection of her personality. Heathcliff represents the wild, naturalistic aspect of her personality, which has been suppressed by her change into a civil, upper-class person. As such, this suppressed personality returns in waves, exhibited both in her fits, and Heathcliff's unrelenting visits, refusing to be put out like the fire Edgar regards it to be. The reoccurring theme of doubles is at its strongest within chapter 15 as Lockwood begins narrating the story to the reader from Nelly's perspective.To clarify, the events have already been recounted to Lockwood through Nelly, and now he is narrating the story after she has told it to him, through her perspective, â€Å"She is, on the whole, a very fair narrator, and I don't think I could improve her style† (134). Needless to say, the reader is experiencing the story not secondhand, but thirdhand. Also, Nelly has already been revealed to be an unreliable narrator, as well as Lockwood. Combining the two is certain to have a profound effect on the story itself. The narration of the story has already had a tone of gossip about it, especially since Nelly called herself as a â€Å"gossip† (53).Now the ‘he said she said' essence of the story takes its strongest form, as we, the readers, are hearing about it ‘through the grapevine. ‘ Bronte uses this doubling of narration to emphasize the removal of the reader from the events in the story. The shadow of doubt the novel has been shrouded in is now a level deeper and darker than it has been up to this point in the novel. Nelly's biased narration of events, whose memory is blurred by time, is now coupled with Lockwood's own character flaws of misjudging characters and is subjected to his own bias as he recounts the already recounted tale.Within the novel, the relationships between servants and masters are anything but traditional ones. One would expect a servant to respect their master, and keep their tongue in check, however Nelly Dean seems exempt from these expectations, causing the reader to question who is the true master and servant within the household. On page 102, â€Å"[Catherine] rang the bell till is broke with a twang,† however, rather than rushing in as most servants should given the franticness of the bell ringing, Nelly â€Å"enter[s] leisurely. † This singular event provides a plethora of insight into the relationship between master and servant.The reader is able to discern that, since it is Nelly recounting the story, she would have no knowledge of the events happening in the room prior to her calling unless she was not alread y within earshot. Therefore, Nelly already knows the nature of the confrontation going on between Edgar and Nelly, and how it is of importance. Yet still, Nelly â€Å"leisurely† enters the room, flaunting her knowledge that Catherine needs her on a level beyond that of which a master typically needs a servant, and also spiting her by deliberately taking longer to arrive.However, during her narration of this scene, the reader can see building emotion within Nelly just within the paragraph this quote is taken from. It is clear that Nelly's â€Å"temper of a saint† is strung tight by Catherine's â€Å"senseless, wicked rages! â€Å"(102) And as a result of this emotion that she is not entirely able to control, Nelly's narration of this particular scene may be more unreliable than usual, as she might be tempted to exaggerate Catherine's behavior in order to justify her anger with her to Lockwood more, so that he may agree with her, or so that she may feel that he does.Di ction Log: 1: â€Å"Will you say, twenty years hence, ‘That's the grave of Catherine Earnshaw. I loved her long ago†¦ † (137) Synonyms: Linton Catherine's choice of calling herself Linton reveals much about how she views herself in terms of her identity. During her time as Catherine Earnshaw, Cathy identifies herself as being Heathcliff's lover, but after her marriage to Edgar, her public identity changes to Catherine Linton, signifying her position as Edgar's lover.Telling Heathcliff that her grave will be that of Catherine Earnshaw is telling Heathcliff that she rejects her identity of Catherine Linton, and that she will be his in death, as she should have been in life. The continued musing on her death in this scene foreshadows her impending death, and this line serves to both comfort Heathcliff, and also ignite further heartbreak in regards to her death as Heathcliff both derives pleasure and anguish knowing that Catherine was his, yet was never with her. 2: â €Å"†¦ while her cheeks, at once blanched and livid, assumed the aspect of death.Linton looked terrified. † Synonyms: Edgar, her husband In referring to Edgar as Linton, there would normally be ambiguity in doing so because, technically, Catherine is also â€Å"Linton. † But addressing him as solely Linton reflects both Edgar's feelings of her not being ‘his' anymore and signifies the distance that he feels is growing between the two of them. The reader also knows that Bronte is referring to Edgar because the reader understands that Catherine is not truly a Linton, and not entirely Edgar's.Bronte's word choice symbolizes a growing emotional distance between Edgar and Catherine, terrifying Edgar not only for the sake of her safety, but also for their relationship. Since Bronte's word choice reflects Nelly's disposition, it is also made known to the reader that Nelly sees this growing distance, and development of Catherine's character. 3: â€Å"Thought I hate him as much as ever, he did me a good turn a short time ago that will make my conscience tender of breaking his neck. † (75) Synonyms: fond, delicateOf the possible synonyms that could replace the word tender in this context, â€Å"tender† conveys the meaning of what Edgar is saying best. Edgar is saying to Catherine that despite his anger towards Heathcliff, he is refraining from retaliating violently because his conscience prevents him from doing so because he feels that he owes Heathcliff a favor. The word â€Å"tender,† while typically used to describe something fragile that tends to break, is effective because it contrasts sharply with the action of â€Å"breaking his neck. 4: â€Å"†¦ In fact, that his health and strength were being sacrificed to preserve a mere ruin of humanity, he know no limits in gratitude and joy when Catherine's life was declared out of danger; and hour after hour her would sit beside her, tracing the gradual return to bodily health, and flattering his too sanguine hopes with the illusion that her mind would settle back to its right balance also, and she would soon be entirely herself. † (115) Synonyms: happy, optimisticIf one of the listed synonyms were used in lieu of â€Å"sanguine† the only meaning to the sentence would be the implication and foreshadowing made by Nelly that Edgar had his hopes too high, and that Catherine would never truly return to health. However, the use of â€Å"sanguine† adds a certain connotation to the quotation. While â€Å"sanguine† has no direct link to blood, through definition or synonymously, the root of it is linked to blood. Bronte's use of this word in particular serves multiple purposes.The first further emphasizes how high Edgar's hopes are for Catherine's healing. They are so strong they can be smelt, and tasted and have substance to them, the qualities of which are all likened to blood. Also, describing these hopes as sanguine serves to illustrate to the reader how much effort Edgar has put into helping Catherine, conveying that he has almost literally put blood, sweat, and tears into their relationship and her well-being. 5: â€Å"‘Ah! you are come, are you, Edgar Linton? she said, with angry animation. † (110) Synonyms: liveliness, fervor This quote is taken from a scene in which Catherine is having one of her frequent fits. The verb animate is traditionally used to describe an inanimate object coming into motion. During her fits, Catherine is often likened to an inanimate object due to her habit of fainting, or becoming immobile. During this particular one, she had been relatively stoic, limp, and puppet like, as she had been starving herself and appeared â€Å"haggard† (110).As such, the use of the word â€Å"animation† most properly fits the prior depictions of her within the scene as it fits the theme of her descriptions. 6: â€Å"Isabella and he had had an hour's interview, durin g which he tried to elicit from her some sentiment of proper horror for Heathcliff's advances; but he could make nothing of her evasive replies, and was obliged to close the examination unsatisfactorily, adding, however, that if she were so insane as to encourage that worthless suitor, it would dissolve all bonds of relationship between herself and him. (103) Synonyms: conversation, audience, exchange The use of the word interview enhances the meaning of the quote in that it provides a certain depiction of the exchange between Edgar and Isabella. Bronte's choice of the word interview conveys that it was not an amicable, two-sided conversation. While the interaction may not quite have been an interrogation, it was more aggressive than a mutual conversation would have been, as Edgar was obviously distressed regarding Heathcliff's relationship with her. : â€Å"Isabella and he had had an hour's interview, during which he tried to elicit from her some sentiment of proper horror for Hea thcliff's advances; but he could make nothing of her evasive replies, and was obliged to close the examination unsatisfactorily, adding, however, that if she were so insane as to encourage that worthless suitor, it would dissolve all bonds of relationship between herself and him. † (103) Synonyms: inquiry, interrogation Continuing from the same quote as above, Nelly continues to reveal the nature of the exchange between Isabella and Edgar.Choosing to regard it as an examination furthers the imagery of an uncomfortable interaction between siblings. The use of the word examination is more effective than â€Å"inquiry† or â€Å"interrogation† would be because of the tone that Bronte gives the nature of the conversation between them. Edgar is not an overly aggressive individual, and to interrogate his sister would be out of character for him. However, an examination suits Edgar's passivity because it conjures an image of a jealous lover trying to elicit information f rom their significant other, which is much like what Edgar is trying to do. 8: â€Å"Cheer up, you shan't be hurt!Your type is not a lamb, it's a sucking leveret. † (99) Synonyms: mouse, turtle I opted not to choose direct synonyms for leveret, which are rabbit, and hare, because these words do not change the nature of Catherine's insult. Bronte's diction here is likely due in large part to colloquialism of the time. However, the nature of Catherine's insult is rooted more in the fact that she is belittling Edgar as having the courage of a small animal more prone to flight, rather than to fight. Catherine chooses to call Edgar a leveret because of his predisposition to avoid and run from conflict, rather han to face it directly. A turtle retreats into its shell, whereas a rabbit will tuck its tail and run, exactly like Catherine is accusing Edgar of doing in this quote. This insult is particularly effect because Catherine is calling Edgar's manhood into question, which is not only uncharacteristic of a woman of the time, but she is also doing so in front of Heathcliff, effectively making a direct challenge to Edgar on both her and Heathcliff's behalf. Literary Criticism: â€Å"Will you forget me–will you be happy when I am in the earth? Will you say, twenty years hence, ‘That's the grave of Catherine Earnshaw.I loved her long ago, and was wretched to lose her; but it is past. ‘† (137) The goal of psychoanalysis is to interpret a character's (un)conscious desires by identifying Freudian concepts. An example of one of these such concepts is a Freudian slip, and one lies within the quote. Consciously or not, Catherine has called herself Catherine Earnshaw, despite her status as Edgar's wife, making her both legally and socially known as Catherine Linton. However, she has revealed in this Freudian slip that she does not emotionally identify herself as Catherine Linton, but as an Earnshaw.This is important because much of the confli ct up to this point has stemmed from Heathcliff's anger at Edgar taking Catherine from him, and in his struggle to win her back from him. Within this quote, Catherine subtly tells Heathcliff that she will die Catherine Earnshaw, meaning that she is rejecting the Linton name, thus ultimately meaning that emotionally, she is Heathcliff's. â€Å"Well, if I cannot keep Heathcliff for my friend, if Edgar will be mean and jealous, I'll try to break their hearts by breaking my own.That will be a prompt way of finishing all, when I am pushed to extremity! † (101) Within this scene, Catherine is venting to Nelly regarding her feelings regarding the conflict between Heathcliff and Edgar. In the quote, it is visible that Catherine is exhausted by their constant fighting, and the toll that it has been taking on her. Out of context, the claim the Catherine makes concerning her ability to â€Å"break their hearts† seems conceited, however, from a feminist perspective, this statement is substantial.For a novel written in this time, it would be rather uncommon for a woman to be depicted as having power over a man, much less two of them. While Catherine does appear to be selfish, and conceited in this quote, she is depicted as essentially having control over the two men, in that she has the ability to â€Å"[finish] all,† establishing the force that Catherine is able to exert in both of the relationships. In relation to the meaning of the work as a whole, this quote associates the ideas of emotional exile and acceptance. 3Ãâ€"3: Revenge consumes wholly Pain prevents transcendence

Interventions and Organizations

When it comes to changing an organization it begins for every department and every situation of the business. However, according to our text book Cummings (2013) Ninth Edition, a planned change is directed by the leader and has everything to do with the members, (teamwork). The entire corporation has to be planned and very ready for change. This involves the very structure of the company. This will take many different task and the co-operations of all employed or involved. In order for the process to be successfully developed organizations need to address certain issues to operate effectively.We need to follow the four interrelated issues that are the key targets of the Organizational Development interventions. Now this assignment is too compare and contrast these four interventions, the first intervention is the Human Process Interventions: According to the text it is the human process interventions which are aimed at assisting the members of the organization to enhance their produc tivity as well as improve the way they work together at individual and group levels, (Cummings, T. G. 2013). My input is very similar; I believe the human aspects are â€Å"Teamwork†.People will be working together for the greater good of each other and the needs of the organization. This helps to change or realign conflicting problems that may occur within the organization that needs to change the way it runs. The first interventions are the Strategies issues: These types of interventions are designed to change various characteristics of organization settings. This is where the organizations will decide what type of markets they are competing with. When using this step it can be the most critical. In strategic issues you have to be aware of the methods of the environment.In other words you have to develop who you competitions are and how to keep up with the environment. Some of the types of interventions are applied mostly in cultural change and strategic planning et cetera, (Cummings, T. G. 2013, p. 154). The second intervention is the Techno-structural issues: This involves breaking the works into various departments using strategic directions, changing program focuses on technology and structure of organizations. In other word, the aims of techno-structural interventions are to improve the overall performance of the organization by changing the procedures, technology, operations, structures and roles.This may also involve downsizing. These involve the design and employee involvements, (Cummings, T. G. 2013, p. 155). The third intervention is the Human Resource Management issues: These issues are concerned with attracting competent people to the organization, setting goals for them, appraising and rewarding their performance and ensuring that they develop their careers and manage stress. This change relates to individual, interpersonal relations, and group dynamics.In other words, the aims of human resource management interventions are to improve the organizational performance by improving the performance of individuals and groups within the organization. The purpose is to set objectives or goals, monitor people by collecting feedback to ensure effective implementation, (Cummings, T. G. 2013, p. 155). The fourth is Human Resources Management: These interventions are change programs that relates to individuals, interpersonal relationships, and group dynamics. They attempt to improve individual or group performance as well as people’s working relationships with one another in organizational settings.In other words, the aims of human resource management interventions are to improve the organizational performance by improving the performance of individuals and groups within the organization. The purpose is to set objectives or goals, monitor them for feedback to ensure effective implementation. These types of interventions are designed to change various characteristics of employees, technologies, products among others by foc using on the organization’s interaction with the external environment, (Cummings, T. G. 2013, p. 421). Basically, the entire process takes an entire team of individuals support.This task takes a chain of planned actions from top leadership with full support of its employees to accomplish. Thus, interventions are designed for organization development and effectiveness. When comparing the four steps I believe that all four all great, but when it comes to my opinion of the OD intervention the techno structural would be my favorite step, because it involves breaking down the organization into parts and it involves the help of the all the employees. As oppose to the first step the Strategic issues I really like this step too because it involves some detective work on observing your environment.This involves knowing what your competitors are doing, their hours of operation, they discounts and so much more. However when it comes to both of the human issues it involves people our fav orite species. This issue involves everyone being a part of the same program and all on one accord. My motto is, â€Å"People using people†. The success of any intervention for organization development therefore depends on the capability (skills and knowledge) of the leadership and support of the employees participating in the process. Motivating and making all involved truly happy, doing their jobs.

Bjp Partyof India Essay Example

Bjp Partyof India Essay Example Bjp Partyof India Essay Bjp Partyof India Essay BJP redirects here. For other uses, see  BJP (disambiguation). Bharatiya Janata Party| | Chairperson| Rajnath Singh| Parliamentary Chairperson| L. K. Advani| Leader in Lok  Sabha| Sushma Swaraj (Leader of Opposition)| Leader in Rajya  Sabha| Arun Jaitley (Leader of Opposition)| Founded| December 1980| Preceded  by| Bharatiya Jana Sangh| Headquarters| 11 Ashoka Road, New Delhi, 110001| Newspaper| Kamal Sandesh| Youth wing| Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha|Womens wing| BJP Mahila Morcha| Peasants  wing| Bharatiya Kisan Sangh| Ideology| Integral humanism[1][2](official) Hindu nationalism[3][4] (Hindutva)  [1] Social conservatism[5]| Political position| Right-wing[6][7][8]| Colours| Saffron  ? | ECI  Status| National Party[9]| Alliance| National Democratic Alliance  (NDA)| Seats in Lok  Sabha| 116  /  545| Seats in Rajya  Sabha| 49  /  245| Election symbol| | Website| www. bjp. org| Politics of India Political parties Elections| | This article is part of a serie s aboutBharatiya Janata Party| Joe Biden| * Bharatiya Jana Sangh   * History of the BJP * Organisation of the BJP * Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha * Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh * Bharatiya Kisan Sangh   * BJP Mahila Morcha * BJP Minority Morcha * List of MP in the 14th Lok Sabha| Part of a series on| Hindu politics| | Concepts[show]| Early advocates[show]| Political leaders[show]| Major political parties[show]| Authors on Hindu politics[show]| * Hinduism * India * Government of India| * v   * t   * e|The  Bharatiya Janata Party  (  pronunciation  (help ·info);;  translation:  Indian Peoples Party; abbreviated  BJP) is the smaller of the two  major partiesin  the Indian political system, the other being the  Indian National Congress. Established in 1980, it is Indias second largest political party in terms of representation in the  parliament  and in the various state assemblies. The Bharatiya Janata Party designates its official ideology and central philo sophy to be integral humanism,[1][2]  based upon a 1965 book byDeendayal Upadhyaya. 10][11]  The party is labelled as Hindu nationalist,[12]  and advocates  social conservatism, self-reliance as outlined by theSwadeshi movement,[13]  and a foreign policy centred around key nationalist principles. The  partys platform  is generally considered as the  right-wing  of the Indian political spectrum. [14][15][16][17] The BJP led the national government along with a coalition of parties of the  NDA  from 1998 to 2004, with  Atal Bihari Vajpayee  as  Prime Minister, thus making it the first non-Congress  government to last a full term in office.Since its election defeat in the 2004 general elections, the BJP has been principal amongst the opposition parties in parliament. Contents [hide] * 1  History * 1. 1  Bharatiya Jana Sangh (1951-1980) * 1. 2  Bharatiya Janata Party (1980-) * 2  Bharatiya Janata Party in general election * 3  Ideology and politic al positions * 3. 1  Hindutva * 3. 2  Economic policies * 3. 3  Defence and terrorism * 3. 4  Foreign policy * 4  Party structure * 5  BJP in various states * 5. 1  List of current NDA Chief Ministers * 6  List of presidents of the party * 7  Controversies and criticism * 7.   Tehelka fake arms deal * 7. 2  Liberhan Commission findings * 7. 3  Use of Black Money in Election * 8  References * 9  External links History[edit source  |  editbeta] Main article:  History of the Bharatiya Janata Party Bharatiya Jana Sangh (1951-1980)[edit source  |  editbeta] The  Bharatiya Jana Sangh  (BJS) was founded by Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee  in 1951 to support the  Hindu nationalist cause. The party opposed the appeasement policy of the  Indian National Congress[citation needed]  and was against any compromise in the matters of national and cultural integrity, unity and identity.It was widely regarded as the political arm of the  Rashtriya Swayam sevak Sangh. [18] After Mookerjees untimely death in prison in 1953, during an agitation demanding the effective integration of  Jammu and Kashmir  into India, the entire burden of nurturing the orphaned organisation and building it up as a nation-wide movement fell on the young shoulders of  Deendayal Upadhyaya. For 15 years, he remained the outfits general secretary and built it up. He raised a band of dedicated workers imbued with idealism and provided the entire ideological framework of the party.He groomed future political leaders like  Vajpayee,  Advani  and others. However, the vast majority of the party workers, including Upadhyaya himself were derived from the  Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh  (RSS) and brought with them the patriotic fervour and discipline of the parent organisation. [18] The  Jana Sangh  won just three  Lok Sabha  seats in the first general elections in 1952. However, it gradually increased its strength and by 1962 had become one of th e most effective opposition parties in India and seriously challenged the power of the Congress in various north Indian states.Enforcing a  uniform civil code  for all Indians, Barring the killing (and eating) of cows, abolishing the special statues accorded to J;amp;K and majorly promoting usage of the  Hindi language  were some of the pivotal ideological key points of the party[citation needed]. After 1967, The party entered into coalition with  political organisations  of similar ideologies and political positions and formed governments in various states such as  Uttar Pradesh,  Delhi  and others.The party was a major part of the political agitation against the emergency (1975–77) imposed by theIndira Gandhi  regime and thousands of its leaders and workers were reportedly imprisoned across India. The party along with many other political parties merged with the  Janata Party  in 1977 to present a united opposition to the Congress. The Janata Party w on with a huge majority in 1977 and formed the government with  Morarji Desai  as prime minister. Atal Bihari Vajpayee, who had become the leader of the  Jana Sangh  after Upadhyayas death in 1967, was appointed as the external affairs minister in the new government.The Janata government did not last long, though. Morarji Desai resigned as prime minister, and the Janata party was consequently dissolved. The BJS had devoted all its political efforts to sustain the coalition and was left exhausted by the internecine wars within the Janata Party. Bharatiya Janata Party (1980-)[edit source  |  editbeta] In 1980, the leaders and workers of the former Bharatiya Jana Sangh, founded the Bharatiya Janata Party with Vajpayee as its first president. The BJP eavily criticised the Congress government and its policies, and while it opposed the Sikh militancy that was rising in the state of  Punjab, it also blamed Indira Gandhi for biassed and corrupt politics that instigated the mil itancy at national expense. Sikh Leader Darasingh opines that Vajpayee thus brought in Hindu-Sikh harmony. [19] The BJP was a major opponent of  Operation Blue Star. The party was amongst those who strongly disliked and openly protested the violence againstSikhs  in  Delhi  that broke out in 1984, following the assassination of prime minister  Indira Gandhi  by one of her Sikh bodyguards.The BJP was left with only two parliamentary seats in the 1984 elections; the party, however, had established itself in the mainstream of Indian politics, and soon began widening its structure and policies to attract young Indians throughout the nation. During this period, Vajpayee remained central within the party as its president and as the Leader of the Opposition in Parliament, but increasingly hard-line  Hindu nationalists  began to rise within the party and define its politics. Founders Atal Bihari Vajpayee, the first BJP  Prime Minister of India(1998–2004).The BJP bec ame the political voice of the  Ram Janmabhoomi Mandir Movement, which was led by activists of the  Vishwa Hindu Parishad  (VHP) and the RSS, and was advocating for the construction of a temple dedicated to  Lord Rama  in place of the  Babri mosque  in  Ayodhya. Many believed, and still do believe, that the site was the birthplace of the Lord, and that there was a temple long before the  Babri mosque  was built after the alleged demolition of the temple by Babar. They held that this qualified the site as one of the most sacred sites of  Hinduism, where a temple should be reconstructed.The party under its president  Lal Krishna Advani  invigorated the nation with various rath yatras and succeeded in creating a popular protest amongst Hindus. On 6 December 1992, hundreds of VHP and BJP activists broke down an orderly protest into a frenzied attack, and razed the mosque. Over the following weeks, waves of violence between Hindus and Muslims erupted all over th e country, killing over 1000 people. The VHP was banned by the government, and many BJP leaders, including L. K. Advani were arrested briefly for provoking the destruction.Although widely condemned by many across the country for playing politics with sensitive issues, the BJP won the support of millions of Hindus, as well as national prominence. Victory in assembly elections of  Delhi  in 1993 and  Gujarat  and  Maharashtra  in March 1995, and a good performance in the elections to the  Karnataka  assembly in December 1994, propelled the BJP to the centrestage. During the BJP session at Mumbai in November 1995, BJP president L. K. Advani declared that Vajpayee would be the Prime Minister of India if the BJP won the next parliamentary elections scheduled for May 1996.In that election, the BJP emerged as the single largest party in the Lok Sabha and Vajpayee became Prime minister. He, however had to resign within 13 days as the BJP was unable to obtain the required maj ority. In the Lok Sabha elections held in 1998 the  National Democratic Alliance  (NDA) obtained a  simple majority. This time, the BJP (NDA) had allied with the  All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam  (AIADMK) and the  Biju Janata Dal  besides its existing allies, the  Samata Party, the  Shiromani Akali Dal  and  Shiv Sena. Outside support was provided by the  Telugu Desam Party  (TDP).The NDA had a slim majority, and Vajpayee returned as prime minister after the 13-day stint in 1996. [20]But the coalition ruptured in May 1999 when the leader of AIADMK,  Jayalalitha, withdrew her support, and fresh elections were again held. On 13 October 1999, the BJP-led NDA riding on a wave of popularity, following victory in the Kargil war and major public support for Vajpayee, won 303 seats. The BJP alone had its highest ever tally of 183. Vajpayee became prime minister for the third time, and Advani became the deputy prime minister and  Home Minister. This NDA government lasted its full term of five years.Vajpayee and his economic team, led by Finance Minister  Yashwant Sinha  continued the policies initiated by the previous Congress government under  P. V. Narasimha Raoand  Manmohan Singh. The NDA government also facillatated major privatisations of previously nationalised government corporations, the implementation of  World Trade Organisation  guidelines,  airline deregulation,foreign investment  and ownership and allowed private companies such as  Mahindra World City  and  Reliance  to build  Special Economic Zones  where  property developers  could build new cities with high-standard infrastructure to manufacture and export products.The BJP and the NDA met with an unexpected defeat in the  2004 general elections, and failed to muster a parliamentary majority. Manmohan Singh of the  Congress Party  and  United Progressive Alliance  succeeded Vajpayee as prime minister. In May 2008, the BJP wo n the state elections in Karnataka. This was the first time that the party had won Assembly elections in any south Indian state. In the 2009 general elections, BJP again faced defeat and its strength in Lok Sabha reduced to 116 seats. The unexpected defeat of BJP is attributed to bad performance of the party in Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttarakhand and Andhra Pradesh.

Prologue What Is It, Do You Really Need One How to Write a Prologue

Prologue What Is It, Do You Really Need One How to Write a Prologue Prologue: What is it Do You Really Need a Prologue? Should you write a prologue, or should you throw the reader right into the story?This choice will either serve your readers or take away from their experience if you dont know the intricacies of prologues- like if you even need one (and well cover this below).This is one of the most important for aspiring fiction authors writing a novel! Let’s talk about what a prologue is, when to use them, and how to use them well.Heres everything you need to know about prologues:What is a prologue?How to make a prologue stand outHow to know if its a prologueHow to know if your book needs a prologueHow to write a good prologueNOTE: We cover everything in this blog post and much more about the writing, marketing, and publishing process in our VIP Fiction Self-Publishing Program. Learn more about it hereWhat is a prologue?A prologue is like a short story- a small glimpse, set in your story’s world, written in the same style as the rest of your book but with clear separation from the sta rt of your story.Maybe it’s an entire literary device, like a flashforward of your protagonist that gives the reader a taste of the world, some crucial information for the plot, and will make sense later.Maybe it’s an event from thousands of years ago that sets the wheels in motion for your story’s inciting incident. Maybe it’s a background prologue your reader needs to settle into a fantasy or sci-fi universe (but not an info dump).Maybe it’s a snippet of your story from a different perspective- for example, this could be used if your story needs information from when your perspective character was a child who couldn’t understand what was happening, or if they simply weren’t present for the event.If you’re struggling to connect the reader to your story with enough necessary information to understand what’s happening, maybe you need a prologue.  A prologue should read exactly as if you were writing a short story withou t a true ending- your prologue should leave the reader questioning and curious.Note: Any questions you create in the prologue must be resolved by the end of your story.How to Make a Prologue Stand OutThe prologue should stand out from the rest of the book in a significant way.If it fits seamlessly into your story and the reader can’t tell it’s a prologue without a label, that isn’t a prologue.While it should be written in the same style as the rest of the book, here are examples of how it can stand out:Time difference. Your prologue could be set in the past to reveal an important event. It could jump into the future and the rest of the story becomes a sort of flashback up to that point. Oftentimes, you won’t even see the future-set prologue in the book, because the story will end before it reaches that point, but the book should show a logical progression to your future-set prologue.Different perspective. Maybe your story is in first-person and your prolo gue is an event from a third-person omniscient perspective. Maybe we get a view of the main character from the perspective of a friend or parent. Maybe we see a character’s perspective who never actually shows up in the story.Your reader should see a distinct difference between the prologue and the rest of your novel, else why is it a prologue instead of the first chapter?You also don’t hop back into this perspective at any other point in the book- if you can, then why did you need the prologue in the first place?If you go back to that perspective, you likely could include the information in the story itself instead of separating it into a prologue.How to Know if its a PrologueThere are many ways to start a book besides jumping into the story. Let’s look at a few options to establish the differences between them.Preface or forewordA preface is basically the author explaining something to the reader about how the book came to be, who was involved in creating it, and other information about the book’s creation. A preface is not a part of the story, and it can be skipped without damaging the reader’s understanding.A foreword is similar, but written by someone who is not the author- a foreword is typically a reflection of how the book relates to society and readers.IntroductionA book introduction is typically used only in nonfiction.It gives the reader supplemental information, and it usually isn’t crucial for the reader’s understanding of the rest of the book.PrologueA prologue is typically used only in fiction. It gives the reader information about the story, in the same form of the story.So the prose of a prologue will have the same writing style and vibe of the rest of the book, even if it’s in a different timeline or perspective. If a reader skips reading the prologue, it will affect their understanding of the book.How to determine if your book needs a prologueNot every book needs a prologue and if yours truly doesnt, the actual prologue can then take away from the book, giving away too much or being irrelevant in general.So lets figure out if your book actually needs a prologue or not.Why should you write a prologue?If something happened far out of the context of your story that is CRUCIAL to understanding it. If you have the information you must convey to the reader that can’t be worked into the main novel, you may need a prologue.If the story doesn’t make sense without the prologue. If you can remove the prologue (or a reader can skip it), and their understanding is not damaged, a prologue is not necessary.If you can’t weave the prologue’s information into the story without muddling your plot. If working the prologue content into your story is unnatural or confusing, you may need a prologue.Why shouldn’t you write a prologue?If your story makes sense without it.If the content could be included in the main story.If it’s a copout to writin g an interesting opener.If you’re just writing it because you think you’re supposed to have one.If it’s just an exposition dump.If it’s just for world-building.If it’s just to set mood or atmosphere.If it’s to supplement a boring first chapter opening.Note: prologues can certainly be used for mood, atmosphere, world-building, and clever exposition, but these shouldn’t be the sole purpose.So clearly, there are more reasons not to write a prologue than there are reasons to write one. Be very critical of your prologue to be sure you should include it.But if you decide your story does need a prologue, here are five tips to write a great one.How to Write a Good Prologue for Your BookNot every prologue is created equal.Just as a great prologue can make a book, a bad one can ruin it completely. Here are some tips to keep it fresh, exciting, and influential to your books story.#1 Keep it briefYour prologue shouldn’t be longer than you r average chapter length.It should be one event (maybe two), it shouldn’t bother with developing characters, and it should only include the crucial information.#2 Keep it interestingIf your prologue is boring, readers will skip it. We all know that the first pages of your first chapter are extremely important.This is where the reader will either be hooked to finish the book, or where they lose interest.If you include a prologue, it should be just as gripping as your first chapter. However, this doesn’t mean you can slack in the first chapter. The two should work together to be as intriguing as possible to yank the reader in and not let them go.An author who exemplifies this greatly is Jenna Moreci in her novel The Saviors Champion. The prologue is vital to the story, is written in another perspective, and is just as (I would argue its even more) gripping as the first chapter.#3 Focus on crisp, original proseEven if your prologue is historical or in a book genre thats less exciting, or if its a document of some sort, keep your prose on par with the rest of your book.Put special effort into the quality of writing- this is your reader’s first taste of what’s to come!#4 End with a burning questionAfter your prologue, your reader should be so intrigued that they immediately jump into the first chapter.You want them to say â€Å"What the **** is going on?!† so loud it freaks their cat out.This is what pushes readers to buy more books, increasing your overall book sales and hooking fans.George R.R. Martin did a great job with this in his infamous series Game of Thrones. The series opens with a prologue of men venturing beyond the wall to investigate certain occurrences.At the end, youre left wondering what the heck just happened.#5 Make it an event, not an exposition dumpThis is where most writers go wrongThey use their prologue as a tool to spoon-feed readers information about a world the reader hasn’t developed an inter est for yet.This will often make them skim the prologue, skip the prologue, or skip the book entirely.Prologues are a great story-telling tool when used properly. Make sure you need a prologue before you include one, keep it brief, keep it interesting, and keep it Absolutely Necessary.#6 Give your prologue a purpose by finishing the whole bookA great prologue means nothing if it only ever sees a folder in your computer that you only open every seven months.If you really want to finish writing your book and even self-publishing your book someday, a kick in the butt to get it done will help.Weve got just that for you.