Knowledge gap

The information hole theory presumes that you will find out about these subjects than individuals whose instructive level is lower than yours, regardless of whether the themes don't legitimately concern your regular day to day existence. - Stated by Telephone, Donahue and Alien in their 1970 article they said the populace Is isolated Into two unmistakable sections: a gathering of better instructed individuals who find out about most things and those with low training who know less. Low Socio-monetary status (SEES) †are somewhat characterized by training level yet in addition have practically zero information about Public undertakings issues, are detached from news occasions and Important new disclosures, and for the most part aren't worried about their absence of information. High Socio-Economic Status †Are something contrary to Low SEES †Public Affairs issues: - According to the information hole hypothesis the vast majority gain information as a point turns out to be all the more intensely secured by the broad communications, however the higher taught section of the populace will acquire knowledge.Knowledge hole says nothing regarding the people intrinsic insightful, the hypothesis is trying to say that high-instructed individuals have a few preferences. For example, 1. A more noteworthy degree of put away information on an assortment of themes. 2. Better consideration, cognizance, maintenance, and more noteworthy relational abilities. 3. More dependence on the data situated print media instead of the diversion arranged non-benefit media 4. More noteworthy quantities of pertinent social contacts or companions who are probably going to be educated about and talk about pubic undertakings subjects. Low SEES can be called Medal Poor - High SEES can be called Media Rich Programmatic Research-will be research that expands on itself, where one examination results bring up issues and different scientists respond to the call to reply. Focuses that may de crease the information hole 1 . The sort of issue, particularly an issue that truly stands out enough to be noticed 2. The size and sort of network †little, provincial, homogeneous zones have lower holes; intimations with pluralistic subcultures have higher holes. 3. Owe a lot and what kind of media inclusion a theme gets †cigarettes connect to malignant growth is continually in the news (lower holes); Sexual badgering occurrences get extraordinary however conflicting inclusion (Higher holes) 4. An Issues level of contention, for example, police fierceness (lower hole) versus.. Covers about urban rejuvenation (higher holes) †3 early ideas investigated 1 . Financial shortfalls 2. Contrasts - backtalk's †Interest in points turned into the essential exploration. †Print Media is more useful than TV.High SEES bunch despite everything watches report - backtalk's †centered around wellbeing, condition, and new innovation. †Communication crusades got intend ed to instructed or convince and TV intrigue expanded. Governmental issues turned into a center - Higher SEES use Schemata. Section 27 †rule of relative steadiness - Charles Scripps †1959 discharged monetary report of media. - Macomb's utilized the perceptions from Scripps to offer a hypothesis called the Principle of Relative Constancy. A portion of his forecasts were: 1 . The extent of cash, saw as a piece of the gross national product(GNP), spent on the broad communications remains genuinely consistent after some time. The Constancy viewpoint. 2. Since the economy differs from blast to sorrow, the GNP likewise will fluctuate. The overall piece of the hypothesis. 3. Since the uses on broad communications are generally consistent, new media must battle it out with existing media. This is the practical identicalness part.Chapter 28 †Cultivation - The media-culture association got its first incredible push from the Payne Fund concentrates in the asses and asses, an exa mination of the effect of motion pictures on youngsters. Payne Fund Findings: - George Greener †Violence record - Grinner's meaning of savagery †â€Å"the obvious articulation of physical power (with or thou a weapon, against self or others) convincing activity against ones will on torment of being harmed as well as murdered or took steps to be so deceived as a major aspect of the plot. Develop - Two kinds of Cultivation - Mainstreaming †an overall commonalty of viewpoints that TV will in general develop †Resonance - propose the intensity of TV to impact well known symbolism increments when seen on the screen â€Å"resonates† with the watcher †appears to be reliable with experience †it is more probable consolidated into the individual's idea of â€Å"reality'.

Leadership and its impact on motivation and performance Essay Example

Initiative and its effect on inspiration and execution Essay Presentation There is no perfect meaning of administration. 221 clarifications were given by Bass (2008): he featured the way that any single definition would come up short on specific highlights (Van Wart, 2013). In this paper we think about the accompanying translations. The principal definition expresses that administration is relational impact that is utilized for guiding others so as to accomplish certain objectives (Guetzkow, 1961). Subsequently, adequacy of a pioneer can be estimated by the degree of his supporters execution and inspiration to work. Authority can regularly be mistaken for the executives and organization: owever, it is obvious that only one out of every odd overseer (director) is a pioneer and the other way around. Initiative is about force, I. e. excitement of the devotees to follow, while organization and the executives about power vested in a people position. Furthermore, the executives just as organization is considered in this paper as upkeep movement, though initiative generally manages change. Pioneers are individuals who shape the objectives, inspirations, and activities of others. Regularly they start change to arrive at existing and new objectives Overseeing is keeping up proficiently and adequately current authoritative game plans. While overseeing admirably regularly displays authority aptitudes, the general capacity is toward upkeep as opposed to change (Bush, 2008). To summarize, direction on change and casual force are unmistakable highlights of initiative the creators of the paper base their further examination on. Hypothetical ideas Nowadays there are a few speculations and models created by a great deal of studies, which break down administration from various sides, for example, individual characteristics and initiative styles. We will compose a custom article test on Leadership and its effect on inspiration and execution explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Leadership and its effect on inspiration and execution explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Leadership and its effect on inspiration and execution explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The major hypothetical ideas can be summed up into 3 gatherings: characteristic based models, situational/possibility models and utilitarian authority models. Characteristic based models The quality based hypothesis suggests that an individual must be a pioneer on the off chance that the person is brought into the world with an exceptional blessing, I. e. unique qualities or characteristics without which a pioneer would not have the option to perform administrative capacities viably. The point was exceptionally mainstream in the principal half of the twentieth century. The scientists attempted to discover connection between's inborn qualities and authority models, yet the outcomes were conflicting and hazy. Mann in 1959 focused his investigation on seven character qualities: insight, change, extraversion, predominance, manliness, conservatism, and ensitivity (Zaccaro et al, 1991). Anyway the examination made by Mann was not effective in light of the fact that he found that no attribute had a middle relationship higher than . 25 with initiative standards (Zaccaro et al, 1991). The more productive research was made by Digman in 1990, who found a constructive connection among's character and initiative. Digman assessed the pioneer by the accompanying character parameters: neuroticism, extraversion, receptiveness to experience, appropriateness, and reliability (Colbert et al, 2012). Anyway this examination despite everything didn't respond to certain inquiries concerning the connection among initiative and character. Social models This models center around the manner in which pioneers carry on with subordinates. Contrasted with the past model, the accentuation was moved from the pioneers character to administration itself. The model was expounded by Blake and Mouton (1964) in The administrative network, and was planned for improving relational adequacy and improvement of initiative aptitudes (Alvares et al. , 1976). The model suggests that a pioneers achievement is commonly founded on the worry for creation and the worry for individuals: the mix of the two highlights is the ideal technique for initiative achievement, hich makes subordinates progressively propelled with their undertakings; feel essential to the organization; unmistakably comprehend the objectives; accomplish the significant level of execution. (Alvares et al. 1976) Situational/possibility models as opposed to characteristic based model, situational/possibility approaches assume that there is no perfect authority style and that the best style relies upon the circumstance, representatives mentalities, states of work, and so forth. Administration style may and ought to conform to changes in the circumstance and just that way it would be po werful. At the end of the day, pioneer must be adaptable. This model includes the accompanying pproaches to initiative. Three styles model Kurt Lewin (1890-1897) is advised to be the main therapist of his age (Burnes et al. 2013). Lewin presented the alleged field hypothesis, which expresses that people conduct relies upon nature, field. He found that three styles win in administration conduct: majority rule, tyrant and free enterprise style. Tyrant style is tied in with giving explicit undertakings and furnishing representatives with direct guidelines about how and when they should function, all choices are made by the pioneer himself. Majority rule style suggests that a pioneer coordinates the rocess less, fairly taking an interest in it, helping subordinates to take care of the issue and persuading them. Free enterprise administration is viewed as the most ineffectual. The substance of this style is that a pioneer neither takes an interest in collaboration, nor supports representatives. Supporters are allowed to pick their own approaches and techniques, which should build their imagination. The aftereffects of his examinations show that equitable gathering performs best, invigorating imagination from the individuals and decidedly influencing efficiency. In any case, the gathering with tyrant style is a piece mineral profitable, yet less imaginative and, what is significant, less subordinates are happy with their Job. With respect to free enterprise gathering, it isn't powerful: for all intents and purposes no imagination, terrible showing and little fulfillment are watched. Summing up Kurt Lewins discoveries we may assemble a table (App. 1) of three styles and its consequences for inspiration and execution 00b fulfillment is incorporated, however it is out of our investigation scope). Anyway Kurts hypothesis was censured for too limited way to deal with initiative styles that disregard different shades among dictator and popularity based conduct. Initiative continuum model That is the reason Tannenbaum and Schmidt offered their Leadership continuum model. The creators focused on the issue of joining popularity based and legitimate style exploiting the two methodologies. (Tannenbaum et al. , 1973) Tannenbaum and Schmidt presented the alleged continuum of styles, where styles have various varieties from tyrant to popularity based, and can be utilized by an individual in various circumstances (App. 2). A significant benchmark is hovered with red shading: from here to the privilege a director settles on choices simply subsequent to talking with the workers. The creators likewise referenced that separated from picking a fitting eadership style it is critical that your workers comprehend the principles of the game, I. e. the style youVe picked. Professing to tune in to representatives assessment while in actuality settling on choices on your own not just crown jewels the connections between a business and their laborers yet diminishes execution and inspiration. Fiedlers possibility model Fiedlers possibility model (1964) presumes that exhibition of gatherings is dependent upon the association of authority styles and the positivity of the circumstance for the pioneer. Mitchell et al. , 1970) Fiedler suggests that pioneers can be ivided into two classes task-arranged and human-situated. Viability of the two classifications of administration relies upon the assignment structure and the pioneers position power. For instance, task-arranged pioneers are increasingly powerful in either simple or troublesome (unstructured) circumstances. Human-ar ranged pioneers perform best in medium trouble circumstances. Way objective hypothesis The hypothesis was explained by Georgopoulos et al. (1957) and House. The model gives specific consideration to the subordinates desires. House, 1971) It expresses that administration is dependable of defining clear objectives, explaining ways for accomplishing oals, executing reward frameworks dependent on accomplishing better (Mulki et al. , 2009). House formulated 4 administration styles relying upon the kind of work, adherents qualities and their desires: order, steady, participative and accomplishment situated. 1) Directive style (if there should be an occurrence of unstructured, however intriguing assignments and unpracticed devotees) clear clarification and direction on what workers ought to do. ) Supportive style (when undertakings are basic, bunch union is poor, yet laborers are experienced) pioneer ought to improve the working climate and bolster the laborers. ) Participative style (unst ructured and complex errands, experienced laborers) pioneer ought to counsel adherents and tune in to their suppositions. 4) Achievement-arranged style (Unstructured, complex assignments, experienced specialists, who think they need capacity to achieve task) pioneer ought to persuade and energize adherents. Situational model The writers of the situational model (Hersey, Blanchard, 1969) assume that one ought to pick authority style simply after he/she surveyed the representatives status to play out a particular undertaking and adjust initiative styles to evolving condition. (Head servant et al. 1991) Situational Leadership Theory centers around two viewpoints: (1) capability and (2) certainty and duty. These two might be high or low (App. 3), and pioneer should make accentuation on either errand or relationship viewpoint relying upon the circumstance. Four edge model The last model in th

A Spring Think

A Spring Think Hello! If this has been posted, chances are, I’m now miles away form MIT in Barcelona, Spain. Several friends and I planned this spring break trip wayyy long ago (back in the fall!) and now we’re actually going! How exciting~ This is my second time blagging from abroad, the first being “Colors”. There were many, many MIT students at the international terminal of Logan airport last Friday, including Celebrated Fellow Blogger Joel B. ‘18. I was traveling in a group of five, and we ran into people at least one of us knew left and rightstudents going to London, Iceland, Geneva. It seems everyone on campus was trying to get away from the Institute for a bit if they could, some of us at least to the refuge of sleep and rest in our dorms, hopefully with forays into Boston for food (I did that in years past~) Believe it or not, though I have been to Ethiopia, China, and Canada many times, and Italy once, this is the first time that I’m traveling to a country that has none of my family members in it. My father’s relatives live in Ethiopia, some of my mother’s in China, and my mother’s sister and my grandmother live in Canada. One of my aunts on my father’s side, Aster, used to live in Italy, and we visited her there. So, I’m excited! I don’t speak the local language, I have no connection with the nationI’m just traveling, for once in my life. While boarding the plane, my close friend Virginia A. ‘18* asked me how American I felt. I responded, “maybe 20%”. “Really?” she said, “But you’ve lived here your whole life! And isn’t the whole reason your parents and your family came together because of America?” That’s true. I’ve never truly lived anywhere elsemaybe, if I eventually do, I’ll feel more American than I do now, who knows. This isn’t to say that I feel un-American, it’s more that, well, I just feel like a citizen of the world. One way of looking at it is, I’m a foreigner everywherepeople stare at me a little too long because I look different, and constantly ask me where I come from. Another way of looking at it is that, almost anywhere I go, I think I feel just about as welcome as I do in the United States (assuming I know or learn the language). People in my high school would forget that I was half-Ethiopian, and thought I was completely Asian. Some of the people I’ve met at MIT think I’m just African American when they first meet me. And since I am involved in various cultural groups on campus and talk about these experiences often, a lot of people have mistaken me for an international student. Indeed, I haven’t found very many people who I think match my commitment to culture and interact with their heritage the way I do. Few people, first, have parents from two different continents and are born on a third. Much fewer speak all the 3-4 languages of their parents and birth country combined. These are things I always think aboutgrowing up like this has deeply affected the way I think and act, from absorbing the traditional rules of Chinese hospitality to having the deeply-rooted familial ties found in Ethiopian culture to the many different types of independence and freedom that are the core of American values. For better or worse, it’s a simple fact that the world is more connected now than ever. I don’t have to seek out other mixed people to relate to, and when I find them they’re not always relatablesome people identify more with one “half” or the other, or just American. Instead, I find myself sharing experiences with people who are simply multicultural in some waypeople born in India and spend 20 years working in Japan, Koreans that emigrate to South Africa, a Chinese restaurant owner in Addis Ababa, a Polish music student that completes high school and later college in the United States, a Costa-Rican that studies business in Washington and ends up doing consulting in Shanghai. Sometimes you can only be a legal citizen of only one place, but that doesn’t mean it’s the only place or culture or language that has affected your identity. More and more people consider themselves global citizensbelonging to more than one culture or country. I don’t know that it’s that I feel 20% American, as I initially told Virginia, but rather, why can’t I be 100% American, and 100% Chinese and 100% Ethiopian too, because it isn’t as though these things are mutually exclusive. I have a small cousin back in Colorado that has a hard time understanding this, and sometimes says things my brother and I find hurtful, like, “they’re mom is Chinese! theyre not Ethiopian!” But, given that she’s 8, she doesn’t know any better. “Look”, I told her, taking her hands, “you have two hands; I have two cultures.” Sometimes you only need your left hand or your right hand, sometimes you need both. But each is whole and functional and very important to youjust like culture is to me. (P.S. I wrote this on the plane initially, but we landed Saturday and we’ve been in Barcelona a few days now, and the picture was taken near the marina in the Gothic Quarter. Excited to write about what I’ve seen!) (*P.P.S. Virginia is the one who’s room was featured in the Pi Day video, if some of you read the making-of post!)

Static or Dynamic - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 371 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/14 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Some may say Mme. Loisel of â€Å"The Necklace† is a dynamic character. But to argue this opinion, there are many reasons why Mme. Loisel is in fact, a static character. Guy de Maupassant skillfully develops the character of Mme. Loisel in â€Å"The Necklace† with an unvarying nature by her thoughts and words. Maupassant begins to competently develop the traits of Mme. Loisel as a static character by her thoughts. The life of Mme. Loisel is described by her residence filled with the, hideousness of the drapes, the shabbiness of the walls, and the worn out appearance of the furniture. She relentlessly grieved about living in what she thought was poverty and wanted to live the elegant life. â€Å"She had no evening clothes, no jewels, nothing. But those were the things she wanted; she felt that was the kind of life for her. She so much longed to please, be envied, be fascinating and sought after. † (Maupassant 3-4) The qualities which demonstrate Mme. Loisel as a static character are also established through her words. Ten years after the night of the reception, the day the necklace was lost, Mme. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Static or Dynamic?" essay for you Create order Loisel took a stroll one Sunday afternoon on the Champs Elysees and coincidently ran into Jeanne Forestier, the owner of the necklace. She then decided to confront her about her life in the past and the present. â€Å"[†¦] I’ve had a hard time since last seeing you. And plenty of misfortunes-and all on account of you. † (11) Nevertheless, after all the years of working off her debt, Mme. Loisel is only Dominguez 2 concerned about what supposedly Mme. Forestier had done to her: she felt that she made her live the life she thought she had, a life in poverty. Despite all that Mme. Loisel has gone through, she hasn’t yet stopped the ambition of having more than what is already possessed and holds those around her accountable for her unhappiness. In a nutshell, Mme. Loisel’s character can be described with an unvarying nature. After taking these reasons into consideration, thoughts of whether Mme. Loisel is a changed character or not may differ from the thoughts held before. In your own opinion, what kind of character does Mme. Loisel resemble, static or dynamic?

Executive Office Of Houston Natural Gas - 1689 Words

Enron was created in 1985 when Houston Natural Gas and InterNorth merged together. Houston Natural Gas was a utility company based in Houston, Texas before being taken over by InterNorth. InterNorth was a very large energy company based out of Omaha, Nebraska. They specialized in natural gas pipelines, but also were successful in the plastic industry, coal and petroleum exploration and production. In the beginning Kenneth Lay, who was the Chief Executive Office of Houston Natural Gas, became the CEO and the next year earned the Chairman position. At the beginning of the merge Enron focused on the pipeline sector of business. Pipeline sectors are the hundreds of thousands of miles of pipe that deliver the nations crude oil and petroleum products safely through out the United States. As the merger was coming to completion Enron incurred massive debt due to deregulation, they no longer had the exclusive rights to its pipelines. During this time the company was forced to come up with new and innovative business strategies to generate a profit and receive cash flow. Mr. Lay decided to hire McKinsey and Corporation to assist in the development of a new business strategy. McKinsey and Corporation assigned Jeffrey Skilling to the project. Skilling had a background in banking and asset and liability management. He proposed a revolutionary solution to the solve the financial problems that have occurred since the merge. Skilling created the idea of a â€Å"gas bank† where EnronShow MoreRelatedCorporate Fraud, Greed, Corruption, And Ethics1598 Words   |  7 Pagesbegan as Northern Natural Gas Company.1 With revenues up to $7.5, it was one of the nation s premier pipeline networks. 1 To avoid potential takeover from corporate raiders, CEO Sam Segnar looked to b uy Houston Natural Gas. In May 1985 InterNorth acquire Houston Natural Gas for $2.4 billion. Houston Natural Gas was originally formed in the 1920s from the Houston Oil Co., providing gas to Houston retail customers.1 According to the Texas State Historical Association, Houston Natural Gas had assets ofRead MoreEnron Corporation: An Electivity and Natural Gas Company1621 Words   |  7 PagesEnron Corporation was formed in 1985 when Houston Natural Gas merged with InterNorth to create an electricity and natural gas company that would eventually become Enron. After Houston Natural Gas merged with InterNorth, the former chairman of Houston Natural Gas, Kenneth Lay, was appointed as CEO of Enron. The Chief Executive Officer of Enron, Kenneth Lay’s ultimate goal was to make Enron â€Å"the world’s greatest company,† but unfortunately he failed to achieve his goal. During the 1990s, Enron wasRead MoreJp Morgan Background Summary1032 Words   |  5 PagesJPMorgan Corporate Finance – Energy Investment Banking, Houston JPMorgan Chase Co. (NYSE: JPM) is a leading global financial services firm with assets of $2.2 trillion and operations in more than 60 countries. The firm is a leader in investment banking, financial services for consumers, small business and commercial banking, financial transaction processing, asset management, and private equity. A component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average, JPMorgan Chase serves millions of consumersRead MoreEnron Corporation : A Foundation Of Fraud, Corruption, Greed, And Immorality1547 Words   |  7 Pages â€Æ' Enron Scandal December 31, 2001 will forever be etched in history as the day that one of the biggest white collar scandals came to an end. Electric and natural gas giant Enron was found to have been defrauding its investors out of billions of dollars in order to increase its stock prices, and fatten the pockets of high executives particularly Chairman and CEO Kenneth Lay, President and COO Jeffrey Skilling, and CFO Andrew Fastow. Thousands of employees were laid-off and lost their 401(k); thoseRead MoreOccidental Petroleum Corporation s International Company Exploration Oils And Gas1248 Words   |  5 PagesExecutive summary An Occidental Petroleum Corporation. It’s international company exploration oils and gas. Company will conduct to work with each section as following: gas and oils, marketing and chemical. Develop and survey natural gas and oils In USA and abroad as well. The Occidental Petroleum does business in 3 sectors: natural gas and oils, midstream and marketing, chemical and so on. Exploration natural gas and oils in domestic are situated in Texas, New Mexico, Colorado and North DakotaRead MoreEssay on The Enron Disgrace2857 Words   |  12 Pagesfilled a whiteboard in the conference room next to the Mr. Fastows office. quot;You cant tell me you understand those equations,quot; Mr. Bowen commented to Mr. Fastow. Mr. Fastow replied: quot;I pulled them out of a book to intimidate people.quot; The Fastows headed to Mrs. Fastows native Houston in 1990, both taking jobs at a young company called Enron. Just five years old, Enron was starting to evolve from a natural-gas and pipeline company into a trading firm. Mr. Fastow was one of theRead MoreThe Collapse Of Enron And Enron1365 Words   |  6 Pagessee the need for better financial reporting. In 1985 two companies merged, InterNorth and Houston Natural Gas and formed the company known as Enron, a company that transported and sold natural gas. However, during this time, there was quite a bit of uncertainty in the natural gas industry, forcing the company to develop new ways of generating cash flow. A few years following the merger, Chief Executive Officer, Kenneth Lay and Chief Operating Officer, Richard Kinder, worked to build Enron by investingRead MoreEnron : Ethics And Law1828 Words   |  8 Pagesethical management. All this was concealed by a leadership culture that seemed to believe they were either too smart to get caught or too important to be questioned. Enron and its executives paved a path that took them from a small oil company to a global leader to bankruptcy court and now many of its former executives sit in federal prison cells 13 years after the company’s tumultuous downfall. The lessons of the self-inflicted largesse from Enron are many but the one that glares from its core isRead More Enron Corporation Essay3370 Words   |  14 PagesEnron Corporation was one of the largest integrated natural gas and electricity companies in the world. It marketed natural gas liquids worldwide and operated one of the largest natural gas transmission systems in the world, totaling more than 36,000 miles. It was also one of the largest independent developers and producers of electricity in the world, serving both industrial and emerging markets. Timeline Enron began as Northern Natural Gas Company, organized in Omaha, Nebraska, in 1930. TheRead MoreEnron s Impact On Enron1554 Words   |  7 Pages1985, two companies, Houston Natural Gas, and InterNorth merged to form Enron. Kenneth Lay wanted to create a company that can supply electricity and natural gas at a much lower price. As time went on, Enron ranked as the nation’s sixth largest energy company with global internet trading commodities in plastics, steel, petrochemicals and waste water to name a few (Fusaro, 2000, p. 157). From the time they merged to form Enron up to the point of their collapse, Enron’s executive committee had squandered

Memo Free Essays

Target millennium Is a strength because they respond well to their advertising strategy Also a weakness because they are normally more price-conscious Economic There prices are much higher than their competition which Is a weakness when the economy Is bad, because customers are more likely to go with the cheaper substitute Food prices are expected to rise, which may cause chipolata to raise there prices even more which will be a huge weakness, and may deter some customers Consumer spending may go down Coloratura Target individuals who care about sustainable, ethical and fresh food Huge strength because this is why people are willing to spend more Starting to use local farms Huge strength because by supporting the community, the community is more likely to support them Using solo panel and being more environmentally friendly is a trend people really like which makes it a strength 2. What are the conditions of Spittle’s industry environment? What makes you successful in this Ind ustry? Threat of new entrants Is quite low because the fast food Industry is mostly composed of big chain restaurants which makes It hard to come Into: this helps to make them successful because they are already a large business Power of suppliers Is medium because negotiation between suppliers and buyers do take place; but In the end thy have more power because food prices are fluctuating they have to charge more sometimes Product substitutes: high Though taco bells Cantina Bell is lesser quality ingredients they are the same type of items on the menu Jojoba also focuses on quality so they products are probably very similar Intensity of reveries High! Not only competing with people in the fast food industry but all food industry Very low switching costs for the customer To be successful in the fast food industry you need to be In the right location, have the right price, either you need to be low price, with lower quality food or high price, higher quality food. You need to be able to adapt to changes, because the market Is very volatile. We will write a custom essay sample on Memo or any similar topic only for you Order Now You need to have a way to bring your customers In and make them loyal to your company because there are so many substitutions available you want to make the value chain activities for Chipolata? Strategy: High price but high quality Social corporate responsibility Laid back and non-traditional advertising Value chain activities Buy from suppliers that sell mostly ethical meat Use solar power to lessen their carbon foot print Have any open kitchen so customers can see their food being made Use local farmers . Assess Spittle’s resources and capabilities. What are Spittle’s core competencies? Resources: they have a lot of resources that help with being successful their sustainable farms they purchase from their local farms the actual locations and buildings of their restaurants intangible: how they manage to make their margins bigger by having smaller restaurants and less staff capabilities: train employees well so they can use their resources effectively core competencies corporate social responsible; ethical farming, environmental awareness, local farming rest food, made daily 5. What are the challenges Chipolata faces in 2012? Prices of food are expected to increase Should they increase the price on their menu – making them even MORE expensive than their competition Cantina Bell is stealing customers and being advertised as being similar to Chipolata but cheaper Cantina bell is doing large advertising campaigns which Chipolata can’t afford to do 6. What do have you think they should do and why? I think that they will need to raise the price on the menus. They have already been racketed and known for years as being â€Å"Food with integrity’ and the only way not to raise prices is to stop using as much organics or ethical meat, which at this point I believe would hurt their image, and bottom line more than raising the prices. A one of their core competences is that they serve sustainable food, and I do not think they should shy away from this. As it is they have always been more expensive and still done well. As well if food prices do rise, most likely all other companies will have to raise their prices as well. Chipolata also does not have to worry about not being able to spend large budgets on advertising, the company has previously not done this and done well. Not doing large TV campaigns attracts their customers and makes chipolata more authentic. I believe they should continue to use local farms in more of the stores and with more products. If they support community members, the community is more likely to support them, even if it is higher prices. Chipolata strategy I high the only way to not is to go away from â€Å"food with integrity’. How to cite Memo, Papers Memo Free Essays Your dedication and hard work for our company have not gone unnoticed.   We would like to thank you for your sincere and honest work.   In recognition of your ability to continuously surpass company expectations, meet goals and objectives, and your excellent attendance record, we would like to reward you. We will write a custom essay sample on Memo or any similar topic only for you Order Now    You have been credited one additional vacation day with your benefits.   Please follow normal HR procedures to take advantage of this extra day off with pay. We sincerely appreciate the efforts you put forth.   We hope you continue to do such excellent work for our company!   It is due to employees such as you that we are as successful as we are. Sincerely, (insert name of sender and initial) Related essay: Memo for Team Building How to cite Memo, Essay examples Memo Free Essays Veteran’s Marketing Memo Military veterans stood up for our country and are not recognized enough for their dedication. There are many programs dedicated to providing assistance to veterans but not many ways to reward them for their devoted service to their country. Many veterans have been affected due to combat and some need help transitioning from military life to a civilian. We will write a custom essay sample on Memo or any similar topic only for you Order Now As the director of for a military veterans foundation I must raise money to create a fallen heroes monument. The first step is to identify the demographic and cryptographic in my development. For demographics we would deed to make the location an area that it has a good support system for veterans. After doing a lot of research Arlington, Virginia has many support systems in place for veterans. Here also lays the Veterans National Cemetery. In addition this area has a lot of retired veterans who have made this city their home after they are discharged from the Armed forces. I Identified this area as the primary prospect location for the fallen heroes monument due to some of the chirography’s that would play a major role In this project, beliefs and values. Being that the area Is already very familiar tit veteran’s affairs and It has become part of their culture. The population has a high statistical count for retired veterans that will provide a lot of support In attending and helping raise money for fallen soldiers that were lost at war. The targeted age group would range from 18- 75. This age group covers previous and recent wars that many of these veterans were part of or the likelihood is that someone in their family was part of. Within these age group there will also be many service members currently serving the country on active duty or reserve. How do demographics influence our fundraiser in a productive outcome? If we decide to do it in a different location where there are not as much military presence, would the outcome be as successful? The location Is the key and what will help drive the fundraiser. I want the veterans and families of loss soldiers to feel supported and as a reward bullying this monument In a location that Is heavily populated by the military so It can become an attraction not Just for locals but also anyone around the world who are passionate about recognizing fallen soldiers. We have to remember that our supporters are not SST the locals but rather targeting the entire armed forces. Many young soldiers lives were lost in the recent war as many lives were taken in the past wars. Keeping a wide age range provides the different veterans and families the opportunity to be included and supporting in any way possible whether they are present or not. Value is the worth or importance to something. This will make our veterans and mourning family members feel that the money invested is to remember those who fought for our country and sacrificed their life for those at home. The Importance of this fundraiser s for a monument for the recognition for those who served. Attitude is the way our supports think and feel about it. We will make the supporters feel that they are providing those affected positivist to there life. Our supporters need to feel that they are making a difference. I choose this location due to the commitments and beliefs of the soldiers surrounding the area. Dedication. There are many programs dedicated to providing assistance to veterans from the Armed forces. I identified this area as the primary prospect location for the role in this project, beliefs and values. Being that the area is already very familiar tit veteran’s affairs and it has become part of their culture. The population has a high statistic count for retired veterans that will provide a lot of support in attending group would range from 18 – 75. This age group covers previous and recent wars that successful? The location is the key and what will help drive the fundraiser. I want the veterans and families of loss soldiers to feel supported and as a reward building this monument in a location that is heavily populated by the military so it can become an country and sacrificed their life for those at home. The importance of this fundraiser How to cite Memo, Papers Memo Free Essays Marketing project/ Program manager Subject: Progress of employees Date: September 9th, 2014 The purpose of this memo Is to present the progress of the employees and their results towards the surveys on social media usage at work. I believe with results of the employees’ surveys we can determine a social media policy. Summary Internet based media has become an enveloping part of our lives that continues to grow in our culture. We will write a custom essay sample on Memo or any similar topic only for you Order Now Unfortunately the usage towards social media has become a great issue as well as a constant distraction during work hours. Inning the results of the surveys, we will determine if keeping the social media usage to a bare minimum during work hours should be highly enforced with exceptions of breaks, lunch breaks, and emergencies. Discussion Employees here at sprint are hardworking and friendly. However, social media usage at work can be distracting. The surveys that have been handed out, if answered honestly, have assisted us in obtaining accurate results concerning social media usage. We evaluated whether or not social media usage is a distraction, and possibly an expanding issue. It has been documented that employees have been caught costing on Backbone, Twitter, Mainstream, and Youth during work hours. Employees raised a point that the use of social media is personal. We are only evaluating social media use on company equipment or during paid company time. Although there have been debates, the company must also reduce UN-filtered media exposure from personal postings of employees. Through research and observation, this committee has concluded that some employees do not know where they should commit their time and assets. It seems with social media usage rising every year, It Is almost becoming a social necessity. Even If It Is seen as exercising freedom of speech by some team members (Like surveys have suggested) others feared that the media usage has a potential of exposing employer to confidential Information that could be considered In the decision to retain an employee. We do not want social media usage to Infringe on company policy. Providing notable service to customers. When employees need assistance with work related situations it’s extremely distracting to notice some of their coworkers on their media device and not paying attention to the task at hand. At times it isn’t notable owe distracting the media usage is. Even though we have not received every survey a majority employees results have been clear to prohibit media usage during work hours. The closing poll of the surveys will end on September 12 and I will have results organized by Monday September 1 5th. Recommendation I am requesting to you that I highly recommend prohibiting social media usage as it seems to be a huge distraction for the employees in the workplace as majority has stated. As a result Employees who are still working may concentrate and enjoy a quiet work environment. How to cite Memo, Papers

Impact of Foreign Direct Investment-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: What is the Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on real estate grounds of Australia? Answer: As per the annual report of the Foreign Investment Board, last year the Chinese buyers dominated the foreign investments especially those who bought new homes in Melbourne and Sydney of Australia. Some of the sources considered that there was a rapid increase in the investment policy of the real estate in Australia. China is regarded as the largest source in the investment of the real estate. Almost a portion of the real estate has been granted to the Victorian homes and the rest to the NSW. With time, the investment in the real estate also rose to almost 38%. US is considered to be the number one in case of the foreign investment that includes finance as well (Li, Huang and Song 2017). The foreign buyers in the Australian Taxation Office that included selling of ones home when the permanent visa expired implied a forced sale of the properties. NSW introduced a new format last year that suggests that the foreign buyers did little in order to dampen the demands required for the new home. This was earlier done in Victoria even in the year 2015 (Yuet al. 2017). The newly formulated regulations have made the Chinese people in a severe problem when it comes to invest or buy new residential areas or even in the second hand property in different cities but mostly in Shanghai and Beijing. These are the main reasons that fuel their instances to buy property outside their country or rather in other terms the offshore. However, all these approaches are slowly going vague, as the Chinese Government has become very strict regarding these offshore transactions. Hence, the Chinese people might now feel difficulty to buy projects in Melbourne and Sydney in Australia. References Li, X., Huang, S.S. and Song, C., 2017. China's outward foreign direct investment in tourism.Tourism Management,59, pp.1-6. Yu, X., Dosi, G., Grazzi, M. and Lei, J., 2017. Inside the virtuous circle between productivity, profitability, investment and corporate growth: An anatomy of Chinese industrialization.Research Policy,46(5), pp.1020-1038.

Malcolm Baldrige Award

Malcolm Baldrige Award Malcolm Baldrige Award refers to the highest level of recognition that a US company can receive in terms of performance. It is the only formal body, which recognizes excellence in performance by US companies in private and public sectors. The president of the US gives the award to the best performing company in terms of quality performance annually.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Malcolm Baldrige Award specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The organizations that qualify for the award cut across Education sector, Manufacturing Health Care non-profit making and business related organizations. Maureen and Gruska state that â€Å"The Congress established the award in 1987 under the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Improvement Act of 1987, named after Malcom Baldrige who was the US Secretary of Commerce† (2005). The establishment of the award was to give recognition to those companies that s howed great performance and achievement in quality business practices. The establishment of the award was to create awareness on quality of goods, services and performance excellence to promote competitive advantage among organizations. Therefore, it refers to a customer-focused agent aiming at achieving productivity, financial and market outcomes, competitiveness, good governance and leadership, product and services outcomes, as well as the quality of US firms for the good of all citizens (Maureen and Gruska 2005). Criteria for getting Malcolm Baldrige award The award identifies organizations that act as role models for other firms. It helps firms to identify improvement efforts, identify their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, and to identify their management information systems for improvement. Organizations have to apply for the award and for an organization to get the award; it must meet the performance criteria established. Companies must apply for the award an d pay a nonrefundable fee. The assessment of the companies is based on its focus and attention to customers, internal processes, employee satisfaction, and leadership among other factors (Maureen and Gruska 2005).Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The history of Malcolm Baldrige award In the 1980s, the US government and industry sectors came up with the idea of having quality control measures expanded to the competitive market. Regardless of this, most of the businesses did not care about quality. The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award became the law on August, 20, 1987; it aimed to be the standard of measure of excellence that would propel US organizations to become excellent companies. At the end of 1987, Dr. Riemann and his staff in NIST came up with an award framework with a scheme of evaluation, which is now called the Baldrige Award. The award expanded to healthcare and education fields in 1998, and in 2005 to nonprofit sector (Maureen and Gruska 2005). Malcolm Baldrige award recipients (companies) Year Recipient Sector 2011. Concordia Publishing House Non-Profit, Henry Ford Health System Health Care Schneck Medical Center Health Care Southcentral Foundation Health Care 2010. MEDRAD Manufacturing Nestlà © Purina PetCare Co Manufacturing Freese and Nichols Inc Small Business KN Management Small Business Studer Group Small Business Montgomery County Public Schools Education 2009. Honeywell Federal Manufacturing Technologies Manufacturing MidwayUSA Small Business AtlantiCare Health Care Heartland Health Health Care 2008. Cargill Corn Milling North America Manufacturing Poudre Valley Health System Health Care Iredell-Statesville Schools Education 2007. PRO-TEC Coating Co Small Business 2006. Premier Inc Services 2005 Richland College Education Park Place Lexus Small Business 2004 The Bama C ompanies Manufacturing Texas Nameplate Company, Inc. Small Business 2003. Stoner Inc. Small Business Baptist Hospital, Inc. Health Care 2002. SSM Health Care Health Care SSM Health Care Health Care 2001 Pearl River School District Education University of Wisconsin–Stout Education 2000. KARLEE Company, Inc. Manufacturing 1999. Sunny Fresh Foods Small Business 1998. Solar Turbines Inc. Manufacturing 1997. Solectron Corp. Manufacturing 1996. Custom Research Inc. Small Business 1995. Corning Telecommunications Products Division Manufacturing 1994. Wainwright Industries Inc. Manufacturing 1993. Eastman Chemical Co. Manufacturing 1992. ATT Universal Card Services Services 1991. Zytec Corp. Manufacturing 1990. IBM Rochester. Manufacturing 1989. Milliken Co. Manufacturing 1988. Motorola Inc. Manufacturing Bibliography Maureen, Heaphy, and Gruska, Fredrick. The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award: a yardstick for quality growth. New York: Addison-Wesley, 2005. Print. This essay on Malcolm Baldrige Award was written and submitted by user Nathaly G. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

An Online MBA Helps Business Owners Essay Example

An Online MBA Helps Business Owners Essay Example An Online MBA Helps Business Owners Essay An Online MBA Helps Business Owners Essay The world of business is a competitive environment to be sure; and any advantage that businesses and business owners can take to stay ahead of the competition can give them an edge in achieving success. To this end, many business owners understand that a higher education can give them that edge that they desire. By obtaining a higher degree they have the opportunity to learn about modern advancements in their particular industry, as well as general business techniques that can give them a leg up on the competition. The most advantageous degree in this capacity is a Master’s of Business Administration or MBA. Earning an MBA can be an arduous task but well worth the effort, as it can open up a new world for business owners looking for more modern techniques for running their business successfully. Of course, earning an MBA is easier said than done, especially for those students who are already engaged in running their own business. With time being of the utmost concern, many students look for the option of earning an online MBA. An online MBA program is offered by many accredited colleges and universities; some which offer only online programs and some that offer a combination of online classes and on-campus classes. For those choosing to pursue an online MBA the benefits are clear; they can fit their class work and assigned readings into times that are appropriate for them and still run their business. While the workload is the same, students of an online MBA program save the time and inconvenience associated with driving to campus and sitting through traditional classes.

For your argument essay, you must produce an essay that argues for one

For your argument , you must produce an that argues for one side of a contentious issue on children's literature - Essay Example At such a young age when children are the most impressionable, it is best that they are well-guarded about concepts that could be dangerous or jarring to them, but they should not be promoted to censorship, be prepared for real life and other concepts that they will be introduced to when they are older, and be allowed to decide on their own tastes in regard to books and films. Censorship is the act of preventing people from reading, watching, or listening to material that others deem to be inappropriate. Censorship is an ongoing problem in our world, with most of it being seen in schools or being encouraged by parents. Though parents do have a right to say what material their child should or should not be subjected to, they should make it known that their objection is due to how inappropriate the material is for their child, but not in a general sense. Parents should not promote censorship to their children but impress upon them the importance of sticking to subject matter that is suitable for their age. If children grow up in a censored world, they will be denied the opportunity to grow and experience the other stories that books and films have, which could potentially lead to ignorance, since many of these books and films deal with important historical events and tragedies. Furthermore, a child that is exposed to so much censorship at such a young age w ill be given a false idea of what is right and what is wrong, or inappropriate. The innocence of age needs to be defended, not the material itself. As previously mentioned, children should be protected from material that is inappropriate to their age, like sex and violence. Romance or strong family values or issues, on the other hand, should not be kept from them, but embraced. These are vital to any child growing up in this day and age; they are important to understand as they are real life concepts. More over, they need to have some subjection to ideas or concepts that

Migration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Migration - Essay Example Immigration to the developed countries from the developing countries is a phenomenon that has deep impact over the lives of millions. The making of industrial revolution sparked a major twist in the labor distribution across the world. Although nation states are supposed to be homogeneous communities based on shared culture, identity, language, and ethnicity and so on, it does not hold true of all the countries, especially the countries that are favorite destinations of the immigrants. From its very inception, the United States has been overwhelmed by immigration from across the world. However, the issues pertinent to immigration to the United States in twenty first century are radically different from those of in the preceding centuries. There are a number of issues such as shifts in demographic patterns, lopsided economic effects, the rights of women and children, substance use, health care and public funds covered under the umbrella topic of immigration. Second generation allegian ce, citizenship and political assimilation, race and ethnicity, residential patterns, engaging in unauthorized employment too have been the ingredients of the immigration debate in the United States for last two-three decades. Since the issues to immigration are multidimensional, there needs to be a multidimensional policy framework to address the wide-ranging issues without losing their complexity. Illegal immigration to the United States involves an array of practices and techniques such as illegal entry, visa overstay and false representation. Amnesty has been contested idea as of there is no agreement on whether it is helpful to mitigate the grievances originating from illegal migration. Illegal migration also poses threat to social security, national security and the rule of law. Rightly or wrongly, aspects such as financial impacts, cultural mutations, labor disturbances, demographic changes, and transnational ties have been considered as the central issues of immigration.

Healthcare Policy in the US

Healthcare Policy in the US A healthcare policy is a set of rules and regulations that are put into effect to assist in the operation and the shape of health delivery. A healthcare policy covers a range of issue including public health, chronic illness and disability, long-term care, the financing of health care, preventive health care and mental health. There are two models of a healthcare which consist of the single payer and the social insurance system. In the single payer model, taxes are paid to the government which then pays healthcare providers such as nurses, doctors, and dentists to provide health services to individuals. In a social insurance system, citizens must purchase health insurance from non-profit insurance companies who will then use this health insurance to pay for services provided by healthcare providers. Healthcare is financed through private insurance companies which individuals can access through their employers and for the many Americans that are uninsured, there are three programs in which they can go through called Medicare, Medicaid, and The State Childrens Health Insurance Program. Medicare mainly deals with Americans who are over the age of 65 or disabled. Medicaid deals with people who are of low income or maybe classified as being poor. The State Childrens Health Insurance Program deals with people who are uninsured or low income children. There are so many aspects that can make up healthcare policy and there will be many more that will have an impact on healthcare in the future. Principles of US Health Policy There are many principal features of the United States health policy, but to name a few critical ones are: government as subsidiary to the private sector; fragmented, incremental, and piecemeal reform; pluralistic politics; the decentralized role of the states; and the impact of presidential leadership. These key characteristics of health policy work together or separately to pressure the progress and growth of health policy to benefit the country. The United Sates is one of the few countries in the world that does have a national health care system where their government pays the majority and is the leader in the health care organization. That is not the case in the US. The private sector is the leader and the government takes a back seat in the majority of the development of health policies. It is funny that Americans prefer to have as less involvement from the government as possible in relation to health care financing, delivery, and policy. Being a capital nation we are under the notion that the private sector can best organize and operate the production and consumption of goods and services in our country rather than the government. The US health care system is fragmented so much that it is almost impossible to track. Employers provide a voluntary insurance program to their employees that are paid for through payments from employees and employers together. Then you have the elderly you are covered through Social Security tax, government subsidized voluntary insurance for physician, supplementary, and prescription drug coverage. The indigent obtain health care through Medicaid which is funded through federal, state, and local revenues. American Indians, Congress, members of the armed forces, Veterans, and the executive branch have health insurance that is financed through the federal government directly. Any type of reform in America is incremental and piecemeal especially health care. For example Medicaid has had many much needed changes since its beginning in 1965. First, Congress changed the policy to have more children become eligible and in 1984 pregnant women and children in two parent families were granted health care if income restrictions were met. Policy changes are met with an array of complex political roadblocks that make much needed reform difficult to accomplish. Often it takes a revolutionary presidential election to overcome such barriers. As in any other policy debates in the US politics interest groups pluralism have an effect on the health policy. Powerful interest groups involved in health care politics adamantly resist any major change (Alford 1975). Each group deeply believes that their interests are the best and will fight very hard to protect their interest. For instance, American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) is a nonprofit, nonpartisan membership organization for American citizens over the age of 50. They are one of the most powerful lobbying groups in the United States with over 40 million members. Because they are such a well organized interest group they are very effective in influencing the decisions on policies that affect the seniors in this country. A decentralized role of the states has its pros and cons. The states provide financial support for the indigent and disabled through comprehensive health care programs. They also take on the additional responsibility of implementing the governments Medicaid and SCHIP programs for the elderly and children. On the flip side critics have suggested there is too much state control in regards to health policy changes. With each state having control over their own health policy decisions makes it extremely difficult to create a unified national health care policy. New presidents have always been the stepping stone for policy changes in America. Every president from Johnson to Bush has made an attempt to reform health care in some shape or form. The most recent major historical change has come with the election of President Obama. He has done what no other President has done, Health Care Reform. He is putting the control of peoples health care needs in their own hands. President Obamas presidential leadership impact will reform health care by making it more affordable, making insurance companies accountable for their actions, and provide coverage to all Americans. Development of legislative health policy Health policy is a set course of action undertaken by governments or health care organizations to obtain a desired health outcome (Cherry Trotter Betts, 2005). The health care system, including the public and private segment, with the political forces influence how systems are shaped by the health care policy-making processes. Public health policies start from local, state, or federal legislation, regulations which manage the terms of health care services. There are also institutional or business policies related to health care in addition to public policies. In the private sector the policies are developed by hospitals, accrediting organizations, or managed care organizations. Nurses, the largest number of health care providers are the most familiar with institutional policies including those developed and implemented by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations. The decision making in the public or the private sector, the scope of the issue, and the nature of the policy all have an impact on the characteristics of a policy (Thurber,1996). A basic understanding of the policy process is the first step in having a strategy on how to encourage potential power and control important changes in the health care system. It is a process that uses multiple points of access in order to provide a vision that influences the decision makers involved at each stage. There are three stages of policy making: the formulation stage, the implementation and the evaluation stage. In the formulation stage, input of information, ideas, organizations, research from key people and interest groups are put together. The implementation stage involves disseminating the collected information and starting to put the policy into action. During this stage, the proposed policy is transformed into a plan of action (International Council of Nurses, 2005). Public policy endorsed b y local, state, or federal governmental identities is usually put into practice through the normal process that interprets the policy into a written set of rules issued by the government agency that is responsible for overseeing the policy. All concerned groups contribute in the development of health care policy by providing necessary information needed to decide on the implementation. Nurses are a very important part in the preparation and implementation of the policy. As the largest one group of health care providers, nurses can successfully sponsor health care policy project; they also have a distinctive point of view on health care policies and expertise to share with the responsible agents. Nurses are a strong voice and active advocated group that leads to positive change and build consensus on important issues. The policy process also includes an evaluation and modification phase when existing policies are revisited and may be amended or rewritten to adjust to changing circumstances (Longest, 2006). Most major public policies are subject to modifications in this process. Smaller changes in already existing policies are usually easier to be implemented than major changes as less clarification and efforts are required to be implemented. A good example would be when the Medicare Program has undergone since its enactment in 1965. Another change is when the U.S. Congress in 1998 added nurse practitioners and clinical nurse specialists as providers that can bill for Part B services they provide to Medicare beneficiaries. Congress has changed Medicare program many times after that and put a number of preventive services to the Medicare program. The most recent change was done to Medicare Part D and added a prescription drug program available for Medicare beneficiaries. Health care issue moves through the phases of the policy process, from a proposal to an actual program that can be enacted, implemented, and evaluated, the policy process is impacted by the preferences and influences of elected officials, other individuals, organizations, and special interest groups (Longest, 2006). Political interactions take place when people get involved in the process of making decisions, making compromises, and taking actions that determine who gets what in the health care system. Special interest groups and individuals with a stake in the fate of a health care policy use all kinds of influencing, communication, negotiation, conflict management, critical thinking, and problem solving skills in the political arena to obtain their desired outcome (Cherry Trotter Betts, 2005; Kalisch Kalisch, 1982). Health care system is continuously changing, nurses in many institutions are taking the advocacy role, working together to reflect nursings perception in health care policies and to be implemented. However, the legislative process needs to be well understood and policy advocates should be aware that they may run the risk of working with the wrong people or at the wrong time and therefore the policy may not be established. Well prepared professionals can always find ways to promote for a better health care system. For the more experienced professional there are many resources available to nurse policy advocates who want to learn more about how to make a difference in key health care issues using legislative and policy processes and working within the political arena. The Future of Health Policy The future of health policy is unknown and difficult to predict. The US has struggled with conquering the health care system as one comprehensive unit. Instead, there have been individual attempts at specific problems, resulting in fragmented solutions. The anti-socialist views of the US citizens have thus far prevented a nationalized health care system, but this has not and will not stop many influential leaders from trying. Regardless of health care being a universal or disjointed system, the future of health policy aims at containing costs, increasing access, and improving quality. On March 2010, President Obama signed a health care reform bill. A preliminary estimate claims that the bill will reduce the deficit by $130 billion in the first ten years and by $1.2 trillion in the next ten years (Jackson Nolen, 2010). State-based insurance exchanges will be implemented as a way to purchase insurance for those who do not have access through their employer. The Medicare prescription coverage donut hole will be closed by 2020 and seniors will receive a 50% discount on brand name medications. Medicaid will be expanded, will include childless adults, and illegal immigrants will not be eligible. Insurance companies will no longer be able to deny coverage based on preexisting conditions and children will be able to stay on their parents insurance plans until age 26. Beginning in 2014, there will be an individual mandate that everyone must have health insurance or have to pay a fine, with exceptions for low-income people. Employers with greater than 50 employees will be required to offer health insurance. There is no telling what the ultimate success will be of this bill, as it is a continued hot debate between political parties, but it puts some definition on the future of health policy. The role of state governments in health care has become more substantial. They hold the majority of the responsibility for regulating all aspects of the health care system. In addition, states contribute to financing Medicaid services, finance health coverage for state/public employees and retirees, and subsidize the costs of health care services for the uninsured. States also have the role of protecting the publics health through controlling the spread of communicable diseases, protecting the environment, preventing injuries, promoting healthy behaviors, responding to disasters, providing health services to those without access, monitoring the populations health status, and developing health care policies to benefit the community. The future of health policy shows that states will continue to perform these roles. Conclusion In closing, we feel that an issue such as healthcare must be thought through and have a decision made based on the need of the American peoples as well as the needs of the American economy. By this we mean that a decision should be developed based on a way to keep this great country from going bankrupt or prevent the American people from going broke when a plan goes into effect. In todays world, the U.S health Care System of today is turning into a disaster because many people are getting to the point to where they are not able to afford healthcare services due to the fact that they are not able to afford it or have lost their jobs are may have partial health care benefits. We feel that all Americans must try to stand up for what they believe and fight for a healthcare policy that will enable everyone to be able to have healthcare coverage so that our government will see that there is a need for a change in the future. Resources 1. Shi, L. Singh, D.A. (2008.) Delivering Health Care in America: A Systems Approach (4th ed.). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers 2. Jackson, J. Nolen, J. (March 23, 2010). Health Care Reform Bill Summary: A Look At Whats in the Bill. cbsnews.com. Retrieved, April 20, 2010, from: http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503544_162-20000846-503544.html. 3. Alford, R. R. 1975. Health Care Politics: Ideology and interest group barriers to reform. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 4. S M Williams-Crowe and T V Aultman, State health agencies and the legislative policy process. Retrieved from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1403499/?page=1 5. Pamela White, Tobie H. Olsan, Carolanne Bianchi, Theresa Glessner, Pamela Mapstone, Legislative: Searching for Health Policy Information on the Internet: An Essential Advocacy Skill. Retrieved from: http://www.nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN

Blood Bananas Directions

Over the past 25 years, no place has been more perilous for companies than Colombia, a country that is inally beginning to emerge from the effects of civil war and narco-terrorism. In 2004, Chiquita voluntarily revealed to the U. S. Justice Department that one of its Colombian banana subsidiaries had made protection payments to terrorist groups from 1997 through 2004. The Justice Department began an investigation, focusing on the role and conduct of Chiquita and some of its officers in this criminal activity. Subsequently, Chiquita entered into a plea agreement that gave them the dubious distinction of being the first major U.S. company ever convicted of dealing with terrorists, and resulted in a fine of IJS$25 million and other penalties. To make matters worse, the industry was facing pressure from increasing retailer purchasing power, major changes in consumer tastes and preferences, and Europe's imposition of an â€Å"onerous tariff' on companies that sourced bananas from Latin A merica. With this in mind, Fernando Aguirre, Chiquita's CEO since 2004, reflected on how the company had arrived at this point, and what had been done to correct the course so far.He faced major challenges to the company's competitive position in this dynamic industry. Assignment: Students must address the following questions: 1 . What do you think were the root causes for Chiquita's actions in Colombia that led to the penalties? Did Chiquita's managers have a choice? Why or why not? 2. What can current management do to restore Chiquita's reputation and ensure future competitiveness in this industry? What role does corporate governance play in this process? Please discuss the ethical and strategic actions that the Company should take.Directions: Students should address the questions above in a typed document (double spaced; 12-point font; 5 pages maximum; essay format). The case report should provide a title page, with student name, section number, and date of ubmission. Your respon ses should be uploaded to D2L before the scheduled class on Wednesday, December 4. Strong responses will reference the material covered in Chapter 10 of our textbook, as well as the additional readings suggested on the following page.Guidelines: Please note the following: All case reports are to be written (double spaced) using 12 point type with a serif font for the body (Times New Roman) and sans serif font for headings (Calibri). The report should follow correct form, spelling, grammar, etc. The body of the paper should be no more than five pages including specific recommendations supported by our analyses. Number the pages. The report may include an assortment of charts, tables, and exhibits in an appendix to support your analyses and recommendations. Do not add exhi bits that are already included in the case.Each exhi bit must be referenced and discussed in the body of the paper. The appendix does not count towards the main body limit of five pages. The main body of your report should contain sufficient detail to explain and support the major issues identified in the case and the primary recommendations for solving these problems. Do not Just rehash case facts. Instead, present an insightful and unique analysis. The reports will be judged according to standards of effective business communication. They should be clear and cogent.The criteria for grading case reports include: Evidence of ability to size-up the organization's situation and to identify key problems/issues. Use of appropriate analytical techniques, sound logic, and well-supported arguments in evaluating the organization's present condition and future prospects. Evidence of ability to formulate realistic and workable recommendations for action. Quality contributions will reference the material in Chapter 10 of your textbook, as well as he additional readings suggested below. Thoroughness both (a) scope and coverage and (b) depth of analysis.

Cultural Awareness in an Asymmetric Environment

I believe all experienced military leaders, both noncommissioned and commissioned, realize the importance of knowing every facet of the enemy and their environment. Throughout history, we have studied, witnessed and experienced great examples of the use of cultural knowledge during combat operations. Lieutenant Colonel T. E. Lawrence (of Arabia) of the British Army documented his experiences while living among the Arabic people. He learned about their society and culture in order to improve his military expertise (McFate, 2004). With constantly changing interests, influences and enemy TTPs in today’s asymmetric environment, Soldiers on all levels are often focused on new strategies, equipment and tactics and unintentionally lose focus on the importance of cultural awareness. In today’s contemporary operation environment, cultural understanding and knowledge is a key element to successful counterinsurgency operations. This paper will stress the need for intensifying cultural awareness training in preparation for today’s asymmetric warfare and will emphasize the effectiveness of this principle of war. Cultural Awareness in an Asymmetric Environment Any WWII or Korean War Veteran can probably tell you how the phrase â€Å"combat operations† had a completely different connotation back in their day. Where conflicts of the past may have been focused on manpower, fire superiority and maneuver, today we are focused on variables like sociological demographics, politics and economy. Currently, U. S. forces are engaged in asymmetric warfare where the insurgents are adapting their strategies to avoid the direct fight and attempting to exploit the weaknesses of U. S. forces. The insurgents have the upper-hand; they know the customs, geography, influences and people and are able to maneuver unnoticed. To combat this, we have adjusted our training by implementing cultural familiarization in pre-mobilization training and inserting COIN doctrine into many leadership courses. However I argue that Soldiers on all levels, but especially the junior leaders and tacticians who are often engaged in the midst of the local populace, do not fully understand the value and second/third order effects of properly implementing this principle of warfare. Today, more than ever, we need to focus our training on cultural awareness and employ this knowledge to reverse the trend of the insurgency exploiting our cultural ignorance. Argument Just as a college football coach studies the footage of their opponent’s previous games; we need to study the norms, interests, relationships and socio-political patterns of our operating environment. In the last decade, we have taken measures to emphasize this principle of war but most significantly the publication of FM 3-24 has developed doctrine to defeat counterinsurgents with lessons learned in combat. It teaches the importance of cultural awareness in an asymmetric environment and stresses to avoid imposing our ideology of what we think is normal upon a foreign society (2006, p. 1-15). Today’s COE demands a more robust pre-mobilization training package on the culture, language, geography and anthropology. Training for this principle of warfare has been trivialized to higher-level familiarization of COIN doctrine and lower-level â€Å"check-the-block† pre-mobilization training. We need comprehensive training that involves every Soldier and incorporates advanced studies with scenario based exercises. Sergeant Elkhamri, a U. S. Army translator that spent 18 month with a Special Forces unit in Iraq, explained that the way to increase the Iraqi support in our fight against terrorism is to â€Å"improve the quality and increase the quantity† of pre-mobilization cultural awareness training. He further emphasizes how the we cannot expect deploying Soldiers to get a full understanding of Iraqi culture in a two hour PowerPoint class (2007, p. 110). The Philippine Insurrection The Philippine Insurrection is one of the strongest examples of how the lack of cultural respect and understanding can render significantly negative effects on military operations. From the American stand point, the Philippine Insurrection should have been a quick and easy conflict. Originally, the U. S. deployed with 20,000 troops in order to quickly quell the insurrection. After the realization that the resistance was not going to collapse quickly, troop strength doubled, tripled and finally peaked at 74,000 by the end of the conflict (Wikipedia, 2009) . In short, this stemmed from the U. S. underestimating the importance of cultural understanding by disregarding the Filiopino culture. The U. S. also demostrated that it was their duty to rescue the Filipino people by imposing American democracy upon them. This mindset, which was evident among U. S. military leadership in the Philippines, is sometimes apparent to this day. The Philippine Insurrection is one of the lowest points in U. S. military history. The Filipinos were often described by American military and media as uncivilized, fiendish savages. The U. S. ilitary strategy was executed with no consideration towards the local populace. American Soldiers tortured, mutilated and even decapitated Filipino troops. There were reports of U. S. Soldiers shooting surrendering Filipino troops and burning entire villages to the ground (Wikipedia, 2009). Picture these atrocities happening in America to Americans by a foreign military force. I would bet that we would have an enormous insurgent force of enraged Americans. Human nature dictates that the Philippine people would react the same way, and they did. The insurgency grew as word spread of the atrocities. Agoncillo described how the Filipino troops would exceed American brutality on some prisoners of war. He told stories how ears and noses were cut off and salt applied to the wounds; other reports described captured U. S. Soldiers being buried alive (Wikipedia, 1990). This cause and effect cycle was mutually destructive; in the end, both sides were blatantly breaking the Laws of War. John White was one American that understood the effectiveness of cultural understanding. He was a former American soldier that served as an officer in the Philippine Constabulary and led foreign indigenous troops in combat. His experiences served as a perfect example of the positive effects achieved by applying cultural understanding. In 1928 he wrote a book describing how he built a unified and highly effective combat unit of indigenous people that were both Muslim and Christian. These specialized squads would hunt down the insurgents into their own domain and defeat them in battle. Some of the keys to his success were emphasizing common soldier skills, trusting the integrity of his troops, treating his subordinates and their cultures with respect and adapting proven army methods to the native culture. He became fluent in Spanish and lived among his soldiers and the native people (2009, Dimarco). White was hugely successful in overcoming the insurgency by understanding their culture and adapting his knowledge of combat operations and tactics to fit his operating environment. Operation Iraqi Freedom The roots of the problems we face in Iraq stemmed from the strategic level. McFate, explained how some policy makers misunderstood the tribal nature of the Iraqi culture and assumed that the government would remain stable even after Saddam’s regime was overthrown. Consequentially, without any governmental structure the tribes assumed control and once the Ba’thists lost their power, the tribal network became the backbone of the insurgency. The Iraqi tribal insurgency was born from American cultural ignorance (McFate, 2004, p. 44). Cultural misunderstanding continued to be our weakness with the misinterpretation of certain symbols and gestures. American forces often associated the black flag as the opposite of surrender but among the Shia population it is a religious symbol. Consequently, many Shia who flew the black were shot unnecessarily for displaying their religious beliefs. Another example is how the American signal for stop was often misinterpreted since this gesture means welcome in Iraq; as you can imagine, this resulted in tragedy as well (2004, p. 44). In 2006, Elkhamri witnessed numerous appointments of powerful political figures solely based family-ties and political affiliations. He met Iraqi Commanders who were promoted from lieutenant to lieutenant colonel exclusively for political reasons. Naturally, these shady antics did not go over well with the local populace. With a better under ¬standing of the social-political framework, leaders could prevent these situations and earn the trust and respect of the community (2007, p. 111). Inversely, understanding the culture and society of your COE can positively impact military operations. By recognizing that pre-existing social structures were key to political stabilization, British Brigadier Andrew Kennett implemented historical lessons learned by adjusting to local cultures and understanding the inner workings of the tribal hierarchy. He learned that the most important element of the Iraqi society is the tribe and their supporters and observed the tribal relationship between currency and loyalty. Knowing this, he appointed tribal leaders to the local councils and gave them money to distribute. By doing this, he empower the sheiks and gained favor with the local tribes (McFate, 2007, p. 45). General Odierno understood how the structure of any insurgency always mirrors the structure of the indigenous society; with this notion he tasked two junior intelligence analysts to construct a chart in order to locate Saddam. By identifying, depicting and tracking key figures’ nterrelationships, social status, and last-known locations, this intelligence led the 4th ID troops directly to Saddam Hussein (McFate, 2007, p. 45). This turning point in the war stemmed from the leadership’s knowledge of the Iraqi society and culture. Counter Argument There are some that believe cultural understanding is over rated and over emphasized. In some military subcultures, hardened emotions and apathy towards your enemies’ culture and interests correlates to strength, courage and fearlessness. Some argue that the Warrior Ethos contradicts with cultural understanding and COIN doctrine. Many years ago, my friend SSG Delagarza jokingly said, â€Å"My definition of hearts and minds is two in the heart, one in the mind† and yes, we all laughed because that was part of being in that subculture. There are situations where this hardened mindset is essential to mission success, but just as we need to select the right weaponry for each planned target, we need to select the proper approach for each military operation and situation. Selecting the proper weaponry and the proper approach is a key decision that is based on thorough analysis of every aspect of your enemy and AO. Cultural knowledge of your enemy goes hand in hand with the strategy and tactics used to defeat them. A former commander and one of the hardest Rangers I ever met used to always tell us, â€Å"You got to be hard AND smart. † It was a simple little phrase that we usually ignored but it’s always stuck with me. Now that I have grown as an NCO and leader, I realize what he was saying. There are times to use your brawn by showing overwhelming aggression and firepower but there are also times to use your intellect by employing the most efficient methods to handle a situation. As a young first sergeant I learned the hard way. There were times my hard charging methods of demanding battalion staff NCOs to â€Å"do their job and fix the problem† may have worked, but in due course I realized that I was destroying critical relationships and losing all rapport with supporting elements. The secondary effects were evident by the lack willing support from these same staff sections for months to follow. Ironically, the trickle-down effect eventually affected the ones I was so adamantly fighting for, my Soldiers. Conclusion I believe the U. S. will always overcome any military adversary with our verwhelming land, sea and air superiority, advanced intelligence, technology, weaponry and training but at what cost? In today’s asymmetric environment, direct action may not always be the best option. The finesse of properly executed cultural diplomacy may be an effective force multiplier. There is a significant need to train every Soldier on effectively implementing cultural understanding, especially at the lowest level. With an advanced understanding of our COE’s culture, society, geography and anthropology we could achieve success swiftly, efficiently and most importantly with considerably less casualties. References https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine%E2%80%93American_War http://louisdimarco.com/Occupations/Reviewbulletsandbolos.pdf

Supply Chain and Operations Management Free Essay Example, 4250 words

According to the AIMS' Institute of Supply Chain Management, it is a management of a global network used to deliver products and services from raw materials to end customers through an engineered flow of information, physical distribution, and cash. Supply Chain Management (SCM) is the management of the relationship between the supplier's supplier and the customer's customer through the supply chain participants (Distributor/Wholesaler and Retailer) between them, mainly using information flow and logistics activities to gain Competitive advantage and customer satisfaction. A supply chain, as opposed to supply chain management, is a set of organizations directly linked by one or more upstream and downstream flows of products, services, finances, or information from a source to a customer. Supply chain management is the management of such a chain. In many cases, the supply chain includes the collection of goods after consumer use for recycling. SCM is a cross-functional approach that includes managing the movement of raw materials into an organization, certain aspects of the internal processing of materials into finished goods, and the movement of finished goods out of the organization and toward the end consumer. We will write a custom essay sample on Supply Chain and Operations Management or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now As organizations strive to focus on core competencies and becoming more flexible, they reduce their ownership of raw materials sources and distribution channels. These functions are increasingly being outsourced to other firms that can perform the activities better or more cost-effectively. The effect is to increase the number of organizations involved in satisfying customer demand while reducing managerial control of daily logistics operations. Less control and more supply chain partners led to the creation of the concept of supply chain management. The purpose of supply chain management is to improve trust and collaboration among supply chain partners, thus improving inventory visibility and the velocity of inventory movement.